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Author: Waghenaer, Lucas Janszoon, 1534 or 5-1606.
Title: The mariners mirrour wherin may playnly be seen the courses, heights, distances, depths, soundings, flouds and ebs, risings of lands, rocks, sands and shoalds, with the marks for th'entrings of the harbouroughs, havens and ports of the greatest part of Europe: their seueral traficks and commodities: together wth. the rules and instrume[n]ts of navigation. First made & set fourth in diuers exact sea-charts, by that famous nauigator Luke Wagenar of Enchuisen and now fitted with necessarie additions for the use of Englishmen by Anthony Ashley. Heerin also may be understood the exploits lately atchiued by the right Honorable the L. Admiral of Engla[n]d with her Maties. nauie and some former seruices don by that worthy knight Sr. Fra: Drake.
Print source: The mariners mirrour wherin may playnly be seen the courses, heights, distances, depths, soundings, flouds and ebs, risings of lands, rocks, sands and shoalds, with the marks for th'entrings of the harbouroughs, havens and ports of the greatest part of Europe: their seueral traficks and commodities: together wth. the rules and instrume[n]ts of navigation. First made & set fourth in diuers exact sea-charts, by that famous nauigator Luke Wagenar of Enchuisen and now fitted with necessarie additions for the use of Englishmen by Anthony Ashley. Heerin also may be understood the exploits lately atchiued by the right Honorable the L. Admiral of Engla[n]d with her Maties. nauie and some former seruices don by that worthy knight Sr. Fra: Drake.
Waghenaer, Lucas Janszoon, 1534 or 5-1606., Ashley, Anthony, 1551-1628,, Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598,, Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612,, Ryther, Augustine,
[London: Printed by John Charlewood, 1588?]
Alternate titles: Spieghel der zeevaerdt. English Spieghel der zeevaerdt.
Notes:
A translation by Ashley of: Spieghel der zeevaerdt.
The title page is engraved and signed: Theodore de bry fecit.
The plates are re-engraved by Bry, Jodocus Hondius, and Augustine Ryther.
Printer's name from STC; the dedication is dated 20 Oct. 1588.
Signatures: pi2 [par.]2 chi2 A-C6 (1)-(22)2; chi1 I-XXIII2.
The second part has separate divisional title and register.
Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
Subject terms:
Navigation -- Early works to 1800.
Nautical charts -- Europe -- Early works to 1800.
URL: https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A14624.0001.001
How to cite: For suggestions on citing this text, please see Citing the TCP on the Text Creation Partnership website.

Table of Contents
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title page
illustration
TO THE RIGHT HONO∣RABLE SIR CHRISTOPHER HATTON KNIGHT, LORD CHAVNCELOR OF ENG∣land Knight of the noble order of the Garter, and most worthy Chaunceler of the Vniuersitie of Oxford: my singuler good Lord.
THE AVTHORS ADMO¦NITION TO THE READER.
encomium
OPERIS COMMENDATIO.
THE SAME ENGLISHED IN PRAYSE OF THE VVOORK.
A NOTE OF CERTEIN WONDERFVL and most dangerous places in the Sea, which Wagenar hath set downe in his Epistle to the Prince of Orenge.
❧A TABLE OF THE SEVERAL CHAPTERS, DESCRIPTIONS AND CHARTS OF THE FIRST parte of this Mariners Mirrour.
THE TABLE OF THE SECOND PART.
OF THE VSE AND PRAC∣TISE OF THIS BOOKE.
❧OF THE SPECIAL PROPER∣TIE OF THE SEA, WHICH ASWEL IN times past, as at this present maketh many to wonder.
❧ AN EXHORTATION TO the Apprentises of the Art of Nauigation.
A TABLE OF THE PRIME, OR GOL∣den number, and of the Epact according to either computation.
How to finde out the Epact without an Ephemerides, or Alma∣nacke, according to the new stile.
That you may learne the time of the new Moone rightly from the yeare .1588. to the yeare 1606.
A TABLE OF THE NEVV MOONES FOR THE MERIDIAN OF LONDON.
A VVAIE TO FINDE OVT THE LEAPE YEERE WITHOVT eyther Calender or Ephemerides.
OF THE DECLINATION OF THE Sunne, and the vse thereof.
❧ OF THE VSE OF THE Table following for the Sunnes declination.
❧THE DECLINATION OF THE SVNNE,
TO FINDE OVT THE NEVV MOONE, AND THE AGE OF THE MOONE at any time, according to the auncient computation, with∣out eyther Calender or Ephemerides.
The example of the first.
The other example.
OF THE FIXED STARRES AND THEIR VSE.
A CATALOGVE OF THE MORE FA∣MOVS FIXED STARRES, WITH THEIR LONGITVDE, DECLINATION, RIGHT ASCEN∣SION CONVERTED INTO HOWERS, AND MAGNITVDE, RECTIFIED TO THE BEGINNING OF THE YEERE. 1588.
A TABLE OF THE SONNES RIGHT ASCENSIONS, FITTED INTO HOVRES EQVALL AND minutes, to find out all the houres of night by the Starres.
CERTEINE FIXED STARRES, WHICH best fit the Crosse staffe, calculated as touching their declination for the beginning of the yeare, 1586.
THE VVAY TO FINDE OVT THE HEIGHT OF THE POLE BY THE STARRES WHICH ARE WITHIN the Tropicks declining from the Aequator.
A DECLARATION OF THIS instrument which followeth.
❧ OF THE MAKING AL maner of the Sea crosse staues.
The making of a crosse staffe, seruing for diuers South starres.
❧ HOVV TO DRAVV and vse a true and perfect Sea Carde.
courses
THE LATITVDES OR ALTITVDES OF THE Pole of the most famous places, poynts, and Capes, both of the Easterne and Westerne Nauigation.
AN EXPLANING OF THE COMMON Table of the Tydes and Ebbes.
For asmuch as the Easterne Sea, hath no Ebbe neither Flood. There∣fore shall we beginne this reckoning of the tides, from the Iutlandish Ilands.
❧ AN INSTRVCTION TO KNOVV HOVV MANY LEAGVES YOV DO SAILE VPPON EVERY POINT OF THE COMPASSE FOR A DEGREE: VVHEN YOV TAKE YOVR COVRSE BE∣SIDES THE SOVTH OR NORTH OVT OF THE RIGHT MERIDIAN LINE: And hovv muche you decline tovvardes the East or vvest, vppon euery poynt or course, on this side or beyonde the Acquinoctiall.
A COMPASSE AND TABLE CONTAINING THE READIEST AND SHORTEST VVAY TO FIND OVT AL THE TIDES ALONGST AL THE COASTES OF SPAINE, FRANCE England, Ireland, Flaunders, Holland and Frisland, as well within the hauens as without from shoare: of which compasse the inner Circle sheweth the full seas vpon all those coastes, and in the hauens them∣selues.
A DECLARATION OF THE TABLE FOLOWING, WHICH CONTEI∣neth all the full seas and ebs vpon the same point.
A perfect Table to find out easily, vpon each poynt of the Compasse, what day of the Moones age, and vvhat houre and minute of the day or night you shall haue full Sea, or falling vvater in all places.
part
An exact description of the depths and soundings neere the diuers pro∣uinces of our nauigation, and first of Gascoigne Poictou and Brittayn.
A diligent description of the soundinges and groundes be∣tweene Ireland, England, and Normandy.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION of the depths of the North Sea from Englands foreland. or the mouth of Flaunders.
The depth of the Northerne Ocean neere vnto Iutland and Ameland.
The soundinges and groundes of Iutland neere the poynt of the Cimbrians commonly called Schagen, or Schaw.
The depths and grounds of the Balthic or Easterne seas.
A DESCRIPTION AND POVR∣TRAICT OF THE GREATEST PARTE OF THE SEACOASTES OF EVROPE.
A SHORTE INSTRVCTION OF THE FORME AND fashion of Buyes, Beakons, and other markes, &c. which are set for Shoaldes, Sandes, or hidden Rockes, as they are marked in the particular Chartes of the Flie∣streame, Eemse, Weeser, the Elue, Meersdiep, and the Mase.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE ƲLIE AND THE MARSDEEP, TWO OF the notablest Riuers of all Holland, from the Northern vnto the Southerne sea.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE MAZE, TOGETHER with the entries of the Goer in South Holland, and the Ʋere in Zealand, and also of the Wielinghe.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF FLANDERS WITHALL THE SANDES, FLATS, BANCKS AND SHOALDS THEROF.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLES OF ALDERNEY, GARNZEY AND IERZEY, AND THE QVASKETTES CALLED the Kaskets, together with all the coasts, rocks, and shoalds, lying thereabouts both within and without.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN S. MALO, AND BEYOND THE PORTE OF ROSCOVV.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF CONQVET, BREST, AND FONTENEAV, THE WONDERFVL COASTES OF BRITANY.
AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTH COASTES OF BRITANY BETWEENE BLAVET, AND Picquelier, wherein is also contayned Belisle and Groy.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF PICQVELIER, ROCHELL, BROVAGE, AND OF THE Islandes, rockes, and shoaldes adioyning, euen as farre as Garunne the riuer of Bordeaux.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ACASON AND BAYON, AND OF THE Eastern part of Biscay vnto Castro.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Laredo and Sentillana.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Rio de Sella, and Auiles.
A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF RIBA DEOS, BIƲIERO, AND LVARCA.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF CORƲNNA CALLED THE GROYNE, FEROLES, and Monsej the cheefest portes of Gallicia.
A TRVE DECLARATION OF THE SEA COASTES OF GALLITIA FROM the Cape de Finisterre beyonde Camino.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COSTES OF THE NORTH PART of Portugale viz. from Ʋiana, to cape de Montego.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF THE MOST notable part of Portugall. viz. from the Burlinges to beyond Sainct Vues.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ALGARBES the Southern part of Portugall.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES AND HAVENS OF ANDALVZIA.
A DECLARATION OF THE SEA CHART FROM THE FARTHEST part of England to Plimouth.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene Plimouth and Portland.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETVVEENE THE Isle of Wight and Douer.
title page
text
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE CHIEFEST PART OF England viz. of Thames the riuer of London, and of all the sandes, bankes, flattes, and shoaldes vnto Harwich.
THE NORTH COASTES OF ENGLAND BETVVEENE VVALDERS∣wicke and Burnham, withall the banks and shoalds.
AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES AND CHANNELS OF Linne, Hull, Filey, Scarborough, with the shoalds and banckes adioyning.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERMOST COASTES OF ENGLAND, WHERE THE RI∣uer of Newcastle is the chiefest hauen.
A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Bambourgh and Aberdyne.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTHERMOST PART OF Norway, and of the coasts adioyning.
A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERNE PARTES OF THE EASTERNE SEA COASTS OF NOR∣way, and the countries adioyning.
AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHEAST COVNTRIES, where Malstrande is the cheefest Porte.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALL PART OF DEN∣marke, where standeth the famous citie of Capen-hauen, the cheefest place of the kings residence.
AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF BLECSIDE AND CALMERSOVNDE lyinge at the entrance of Swethlande.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF WESTERWICK ABOVT THE mount of the Swethish Yunck-frow, the beginning of the rocks called the Schares of Swedeland.
A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN Weiburghe and the Narue the farthest partes of the Belt, vvith their situations and commodities.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF LIFLAND ABOVT REVEL AND Moonsound and of the coasts adioyning.
A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF RIGHE AND PARNOVT, AND OF the Islandes adioyninge.
A MOST PLAINE DESCRIP∣TION OF THE ISLE OF OESEL, WHICH lieth betweene the Belt and the bay of Righ, and stret∣cheth vp from the narrow entrie or straight towardes Righe and Parnout.
A LARGE DESCRIPTION OF PRVSLAND WHEREOF DANT∣zick is the chiefest marte.
AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES OF POMERLAND and the countries adioyning.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW DEEPE THAT STRET∣cheth vp to Stattin and Mesound, and of the Sea coastes of Mekelenburgh, Lubeck, the Belt, Greensound, Moone. &c.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE BELT, AND ALL THE ISLANDS, ROCKS, Bancks, Shoalds and Riffs, which are betweene Lalands Riff and Stephens head.
A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE VTTERMOST COASTE OF JVTLAND, that stretcheth out with a point towardes the farthest partes of the North sea opposite to Norway.
A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF OF THE SEA COASTS OF JVTLAND CALLED Yotland and of the hauens, streames, riuers and Islandes therevnto belonging.
¶ An exacte and most dilligent description of Eyderste, Ditmers, and of the Sea coastes ad∣ioyning, with their true site and distances.
A MOST EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTS OF FRISELAND, WITH the riuers of Weser and Emes, and of Scholbalch.