The ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the county of Warwick Esq, fellow of the Royal Society in three books : wherein all the birds hitherto known, being reduced into a method sutable to their natures, are accurately described : the descriptions illustrated by most elegant figures, nearly resembling the live birds, engraven in LXXVII copper plates : translated into English, and enlarged with many additions throughout the whole work : to which are added, Three considerable discourses, I. of the art of fowling, with a description of several nets in two large copper plates, II. of the ordering of singing birds, III. of falconry / by John Ray ...

Title

The ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the county of Warwick Esq, fellow of the Royal Society in three books : wherein all the birds hitherto known, being reduced into a method sutable to their natures, are accurately described : the descriptions illustrated by most elegant figures, nearly resembling the live birds, engraven in LXXVII copper plates : translated into English, and enlarged with many additions throughout the whole work : to which are added, Three considerable discourses, I. of the art of fowling, with a description of several nets in two large copper plates, II. of the ordering of singing birds, III. of falconry / by John Ray ...

Author

Ray, John, 1627-1705.

Publication

London :: Printed by A.C. for John Martyn ...,

1678.

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Subject terms

Birds -- Early works to 1800.

Fowling -- Early works to 1800.

Falconry -- Early works to 1800.

Link to this Item

https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A66534.0001.001 content_copy

Cite this Item

"The ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the county of Warwick Esq, fellow of the Royal Society in three books : wherein all the birds hitherto known, being reduced into a method sutable to their natures, are accurately described : the descriptions illustrated by most elegant figures, nearly resembling the live birds, engraven in LXXVII copper plates : translated into English, and enlarged with many additions throughout the whole work : to which are added, Three considerable discourses, I. of the art of fowling, with a description of several nets in two large copper plates, II. of the ordering of singing birds, III. of falconry / by John Ray ..." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A66534.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 4, 2024. content_copy

Contents

• title page
• THE PREFACE.
• Errata.
• THE FIRST BOOK OF THE ORNITHOLOGY OF FRANCIS WILLUGHBY Esq
  • CHAP. I. Of the external parts of Birds.
  • CHAP. II. Of the inward parts of Birds.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Generation of Birds.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Age of Birds.
  • CHAP. V. Of some Proprieties and Accidents of Birds, viz. Shape, Bigness, Colour, natural Instincts, Manners, &c.
  • CHAP. VI. Containing some particulars which Mr. Willughby propounded to himself to enquire out, observe, and experiment in Birds.
  • CHAP. VII. Of some remarkable Isles, Cliffs, and Rocks about England, where Sea-fowl do yearly build and breed in great numbers.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the Division of Birds.
  • CHAP. IX. A Catalogue of English Birds, as well of such as abide here all the year, and never change place, as of such, which at set times come and go, which we call Birds of passage.
    • RAPACIOUS DIURNAL BIRDS.
    • RAPACIOUS NOCTURNAL BIRDS.
    • THE CROW KIND.
    • THE WOODPECKER-KIND.
    • THE POULTRY KIND.
    • THE PIGEON KIND.
    • THE THRUSH KIND.
    • SMALL BIRDS WITH SLENDER BILLS.
    • SMALL BIRDS WITH THICK AND SHORT BILLS.
    • WATER FOWL.
• AN ADDITION To the FIRST BOOK of the ORNITHOLOGY OF FRANCIS WILLUGHBY Esq BEING An EPITOME of the ART of FOWLING, Collected out of Markham, Olina, and others.
  • SECTION I. Of the taking of Water-Fowl.
    • CHAP. I. How to take Water-Fowl with Nets.
      • §. I. How to take Cloven-footed Water-Fowl with Nets.
      • §. II. How to take whole-footed Water-fowl with Nets.
    • CHAP. II
      • §. I. How to take Water-Fowl with limed strings.
      • §. II. How to take Water-fowl with Lime-twigs.
      • How to take Snipes with Water-Bird-lime.
    • CHAP. III. How to take Water-fowl with Springes and Snares.
      • How to catch Woodcocks in Snares.
    • CHAP. IV. An approved way to take a Heron; out of the Epitome of the Art of Husbandry.
    • CHAP. V. Of the Fowling-piece, and Stalking-horse.
  • SECTION II. Of the taking of Land-Fowl.
    • CHAP. I. Several ways of taking them by night.
      • §. I. Of taking Birds with the Low-bell.
      • §. II. Of taking Birds with the Trammel.
      • §. III. How they take Birds in Italy by night with a Light and a Net called Lanciotoia.
      • §. IV. Of Bat-fowling.
    • CHAP. II. Of taking Land-fowl with Nets.
      • §. I. A general way of taking many sorts of Land-fowl by the Crow-net.
      • §. II. Of taking Birds with Day-nets.
      • §. III. How to take Larks with Nets, called by the Italians Pantiere.
      • §. IV. How the Italians take small Birds with a Net called Ragna.
      • §. V. Of the Sparrow-net.
    • CHAP. III. How to take several sorts of small Birds and other Land-fowl with Bird-lime.
      • §. I. Of taking small Birds with the Lime-bush, and Lime-twigs.
      • §. II. An excellent way of taking small Birds with Birdlime; out of the Epitome of Husbandry.
      • §. III. How to take Fieldfares with Birdlime: out of the same.
      • §. IV. How to take Pigeons with Lime-twigs: out of the same.
      • §. V. How to take Crows, Pies, Gleads, &c. with Lime-twigs: out of the same.
      • §. VI. How to take Crows and Rooks when they pull up Corn by the roots: out of the same.
      • §. VII. How to take Stares with a limed string: out of Olina's Uccelliera.
    • CHAP. IV. Of taking Birds with Baits.
    • CHAP. V. Several ways of taking Partridges.
      • §. 4. How to take Partridges and other Birds with a Setting-dog.
      • §. I. Of the haunts of Partridges, and how to find Partridges.
      • §. II. How to take Partridge with Nets.
      • §. III. 3. How to take Partridges with Lime.
      • §. IV. How to drive Partridges and Quails, and take them in tunnelling Nets.
    • CHAP. VI. Several ways of taking Pheasants, as
      • §. I. With Nets.
      • §. II. Of the driving of Pheasants.
      • §. III. Of taking Pheasants with the Lime-bush, or Lime-rods.
    • CHAP. VII.
      • §. I. How to make the best Birdlime according to G. Markham.
      • §. II. How to make Birdlime according to Olina, which was the way of the Ancients.
      • §. III. How to make the best water-Birdlime, out of a late English Writer.
    • CHAP. VIII. Of the election and training up of a Setting Dog.
    • CHAP. IX. An Abridgment of some Statutes relating to the preservation of Fowl.
• THE SECOND BOOK OF THE ORNITHOLOGY OF FRANCIS WILLUGHBY Esq Of Land-Fowl.
  • THE FIRST PART. Of such as have hooked Beaks and Talons.
    • THE FIRST SECTION. Of Rapacious Diurnal Birds.
      • CHAP. I. Of Birds of prey in general, especially Diurnal ones.
      • CHAP. II. Of the Eagle in general.
      • CHAP. III. Of the several kinds of Eagles.
        • §. I. * THE GOLDEN EAGLE; CHYSAETOS Aldrovandi Ornithologiae, lib. 2. cap. 2. Aquila fulva sen aurea.
          • The Golden Eagle with a white ring about its tail.
        • §. II. * The SEA-EAGLE or OSPREY; Haliaeetus seu Aquila marina; Nisus Veterum.
        • §. III. Of the BLACK EAGLE, called Melanaëtus, or Aquila Valeria.
        • §. IV. Of the PYGARG or white-tail'd Eagle, called Pygargus, and Albicilla, and by some Hinnularia.
        • §. V. * Of the Eagle called Morphnos or Clanga and Anataria.
        • §. VI. * The crested Eagle of Brasil: Urutaurana Brasiliensium, Marggrav.
        • §. VII. * The Brasilian Urubitinga of Marggrave, very like our Pygarg or White-tail'd Eagle.
        • §. VIII. * Of the Vulturine Eagle of Aldrovandus, called Percnopteros, Gypaëtos, and also Ovipelargus.
      • CHAP. IV. Of VULTURES in general.
      • CHAP. V.
        • §. 1. * Of several of VULTURES.
        • §. II. * The Brasil Vulture called Urubu, by the Dutch Een Menscheneter. Marggrav. By the Mexicans Tzopilotl. F. Ximen. By Nieremberg and others Aura.
      • CHAP. VI. Of the lesser sort of Rapacious Birds that prey by day, called Hawks.
      • CHAP. VII. Of Long-winged Hawks.
      • CHAP. VIII. ¶ Of the several sorts of wild long-winged Hawks, and first,
        • §. I. Of the Bald Buzzard.
        • §. II. Of the common Buzzard or Puttock, called in Latine Buteo.
        • §. III. The Honey-Buzzard.
        • §. IV. Of the Ring-tail, the Male whereof is called the Henharrier.
        • §. V. The Kite or Glead: Milvus caudâ forcipatâ.
        • §. VI. The More-Buzzard: Milvus Aeruginosus Aldrov. an Circus Bellonii?
        • §. VII. * The Brasilian Kite called Caracara, and by the Portuguese Gaviaon. Marggrav.
      • CHAP. IX. Of long-winged Hawks, used to be reclaimed for fowling.
        • §. I. Of the Peregrine Falcon.
        • §. II. * The Sacre, Falco Sacer.
        • §. III. * The Jer-Falcon, whose Male or Tarcel is called the Jerkin.
        • §. IV. * The Mountain Falcon.
        • §. V. * The Falcon Gentle.
        • §. VI. * The Haggard Falcon; Falco gibbosus.
        • §. VII. * The white Falcon. Falco Albus.
        • §. VIII. * The Stone-Falcon, and Tree-Falcon. Falco Lapidarius & Arborarius.
        • §. IX. * The Tunis or Barbary Falcon.
        • §. X. * The Red Falcon.
        • §. XI. * The red Indian Falcons of Aldrovandus.
        • §. XII. The Crested Indian Falcon.
        • §. XIII. * The Lanner, whose Tarcel is called the Lanneret.
        • §. XIV. The Hobby, Subbuteo, Aldrov.
        • §. XV. The Kestrel, Stannel, or Stonegall, in Latine Tinnunculus or Cenchris.
        • §. XVI. The Merlin, called in Latine Aesalon.
      • CHAP. X. Of short-winged Hawks.
        • §. I. The Goshawk, Accipiter Palumbarius.
        • §. II. The Sparrow-hawk, Accipiter Fringillarius seu Nisus Recentiorum.
      • CHAP. XI. Of Butcher-Birds or Shrikes called in Latine Lanii or Colluriones.
        • §. I. The greater Butcher-bird or Mattagess. Lanius cinereus major.
        • §. II. The lesser Butcher-Bird, called in York-shire, Flusher, Lanius tertius Aldrov.
        • §. III. A Hen Butcher-bird like to the second Lanius of Aldrovandus.
        • §. IV. Another sort of Butcher-Bird, perhaps the Lanius minor primus, Aldrov.
      • CHAP. XII. Of the Bird of Paradise, or Manucodiata, in general.
      • CHAP. XIII. Of the several sorts of Birds of Paradise.
        • §. I. * Aldrovandus his first Bird of Paradise.
        • §. II. * Aldrovandus his second Bird of Paradise.
        • §. III. * Aldrovandus his third Bird of Paradise.
        • §. IV. * Aldrovandus his fourth or crested Bird of Paradise.
        • §. V. * Aldrovandus his fifth or common Bird of Paradise.
        • §. VI. * The King of Birds of Paradise, Marggrav.
        • § VII. * Marggravius his other Bird of Paradise.
        • §. VIII. * Of Birds of Paradise out of Clusius.
        • §. IX. * A Bird of Paradise of the greater sort. Clus.
        • §. X. * The supposed King of the greater Birds of Paradise.
      • CHAP. XIV. The Cuckow. Cuculus.
        • * Aldrovandus his first sort of Cuckow.
    • LIB. I. PART I. SECT. II. Of Nocturnal Rapacious Birds.
      • CHAP. I. Of Rapacious Nocturnal Birds Horned or Eared.
        • §. I. * The great Horn-Owl or Eagle-Owl. Bubo.
        • §. II. The Horn-Owl, Otus sive Asio.
        • §. III. * The little Horn-Owl, Scops Aldrovandi.
      • CHAP. II. Of Nocturnal Rapacious Birds without Ears or Horns.
        • §. I. The common brown or Ivy-Owl, Strix. Aldrov.
        • §. II. The Grey Owl, Strix cinerea.
        • §. III. The common Barn-Owl, or White-Owl, or Church-Owl. Aluco minor, Aldrov.
        • §. IV. * Aldrovandus his former Aluco.
        • §. V. * Aldrovandus his grey Owl. Ulula Aldrov. as also Gesners, Ulula Gesn.
        • §. VI. The little Owl. Noctua.
        • §. VII. * Aldrovandus his Noctua.
          • * The Stone-Owl, another sort of Noctua, or perchance the same with the precedent.
        • §. VIII. * The Brasilian Noctua called Cabure by Marggrav.
      • CHAP. III.
        • §. I. The Fern-Owl, or Churn-Owl, or Goat-sucker, Caprimulgus.
        • §. II. * The American Goat-sucker, called Ibijau by the Brasilians, Noitibo by the Portugues. Marggrav.
        • §. III. * Marggravius his Brasilian Guira querea, approaching to the Goat-sucker, or Swift.
    • BOOK I. PART I. SECT. III. Of Frugivorous Hook-bill'd Birds or Parrots.
      • CHAP. I. Of Parrots in general.
      • CHAP. II. Of the greatest sort of Parrots called Maccaws and Cockatoons.
        • §. I. * Aldrovandus his greatest blue and yellow Maccaw.
        • §. II. * The other Maccaw or Macao, of Aldrovandus.
        • §. III. A Maccaw described at London, the same I suppose with the precedent, called by Marggrav. Araracanga.
        • §. IV. * The Macao called Ararauna by the Brasilians, Marggrav. the same with Aldrov. his first.
        • §. V. * The former Brasilian Maracana of Marggrav.
        • §. VI. * The other Maracana of Marggrav.
      • CHAP. III. Of middle-sized Parrots, properly called Parrots and Poppinjayes.
        • §. I. * The white cresled Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. II. The most common green Parrot having the ridge of the Wing red. Aldrov.
        • §. III. * Aldrovandus his Parrot with a particoloured Bill.
        • §. IV. * The black-billed green Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. V. * The white-headed Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. VI. * The red and blue Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. VII. Aldrovandus his ash-coloured or bluish Parrot.
        • §. VIII. * The red and white Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. IX. * Marggravius his middle-sized Parrots.
      • CHAP. IV. Of the lesser sort of Parrots, called Parrakeets.
        • §. I. * The Ring-Parrakeet or Psittacus of the Ancients, Aldrov.
        • §. II. * The wholly green Parrakeet of Aldrovandus.
        • §. III. * The crested red and green Parrot of Aldrovandus.
        • §. IV. * Marggravius his Parrakeets, called by the Brasilians Tui.
        • §. V. The Scarlet Parakeeto with green and black Wings.
      • CHAP. V. * Clusius his Discourse and Account of Parrots.
        • §. VII. * Bontius his small Parrakeet.
        • §. VIII. * Marggravius his Brasilian Ani of kin to the Parrots.
  • THE SECOND PART OF THE FIRST BOOK. Of Birds with streighter or less hooked Bills.
    • THE FIRST SECTION. OF GREATER BIRDS.
      • CHAP. I. Birds with thick, streight, and large Bills.
      • CHAP. II. Birds of the Crow-kind.
        • §. I. The Raven, called in Latine Corvus, in Greek .
        • §. II. The common or carrion Crow, Cornix.
        • §. III. Cornix frugivora seu frugilega: The Rook.
        • §. IV. The Royston Crow. Cornix cinerea frugilega.
        • §. V. The Jack-daw, Monedula.
        • §. VI. The Cornish Chough, Coracias seu Pyrrhocorax.
        • §. VII. Bontius his Indian Raven.
        • §. VIII. The horned Indian Raven or Topau, called the Rhinocerot Bird.
      • CHAP. III. Of the Pie-kind.
        • §. I. The Magpie or Pianet. Pica varia caudata.
        • §. II. The Brasilian Pie of Aldrovandus, lib. 12. cap. 19. The Toucan of Marggrav. and others, The Xochitenacatl of the Mexicans, Nieremb.
        • §. III. The Jay. Pica glandaria.
        • §. IV. The Roller, Garrulus Argentoratensis.
          • * Gesners blue Crow; the same I suspect with the precedent.
        • §. V. * The Sea-Pie. Pica Marina.
        • §. VI. * The Persian Pie. Aldrovandus.
        • §. VII. Caryocatactes, Gesn. and Turn.
        • §. VII. * The Bohemian Chatterer. Garrulus Bohemicus, Aldrov. eidem Ampelis.
      • CHAP. IV. Of Woodpeckers in general.
      • CHAP. V. Of several sorts of Woodpeckers.
        • §. I. The greatest black Woodpecker.
        • §. II. The green Woodpecker, or Woodspite, called also the Rain-fowl, High-hoe, and Hew-hole.
          • * Bellonius his greatest green Woodpecker.
        • §. III. The greater spotted Woodpecker or Witwall, Picus varius major; Arist.
        • §. IV. The lesser spotted Woodpecker or Hickwall, Picus varius minor.
        • §. V. * The Brasilian parti-coloured Woodpecker, called Ipecu, Marggrave.
        • §. VI. The Wryneck: Iynx sive Torquilla.
        • §. VII. * The Brasilian Jacamaciri of Marggrave.
        • §. VIII. * The Brasilian Curucui of Marggrave.
        • §. IX. * Guira acangatara of the Brasilians, Marggrav.
        • §. X. * The Brasilian Aracari of Marggrav. the other Xochitenacatl of Nieremberg.
        • §. XI. * The yellow blue-footed Persian Woodpecker of Aldrovandus.
        • §. XII. * The American Hang-nest, called by the Brasilians Guira tangeima. Marggr.
        • §. XIII. The Brasilian Jupujuba or Japu of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. VI. Of Woodpeckers less properly so called.
        • §. I. The Nuthatch or Nutjobber, Sitta seu Picus cinereus.
        • §. II. * The Wall-creeper, or Spider-catcher. Picus murarius, Aldrov. l. 12. c. 37.
        • §. III. The greater Reed-Sparrow, Junco Aldrov. Cinclus Turneri.
        • §. IV. The lesser Reed-Sparrow. An Cannevarola Aldrovandus? An Ficedula cannabina Olinae?
        • §. V. The Creeper. Certhia.
        • §. VI. The Hoop or Hoopoe, Upupa Latinis, Graecis.
      • CHAP. VII. Of Land Birds that feed upon Fish.
        • §. I. The Kingfisher. Ispida an Veterum Alcyon?
        • §. II. The Brasilian Jaguacati guacu, Marggrav. akin to the Kingfisher.
        • §. VII. The Bee-eater, Merops sive Apiaster.
        • §. IV. * The other Bee-eater of Aldrovandus. Merops alter, seu Meropi congener Aldrov.
        • §. V. * The Brasilian Guira guainumbi of Marggrave, of kin to the Merops.
        • §. VI. The Water-Ouzel or Water-Crake: Merula aquatica.
      • CHAP. VIII. The greatest Land-birds, of a peculiar kind by themselves, which by reason of the bulk of their bodies, and smalness of their Wings cannot fly, but only walk.
        • §. I. The Ostrich: Struthiocamelus.
        • §. II. * The American Ostrich, called Nhanduguacu by the Brasilians, Marggrav.
        • §. III. The Cassowary or Emeu of Aldrovandus, Clusius, Nierembergius, Bontius and Wormius
        • §. IV. The Dodo, called by Clusius Gallus gallinaceus peregrinus, by Nieremberg Cygnus cucullatus, by Bontius Dronte.
      • CHAP. IX. Of the Poultry kind.
      • CHAP. X. Of tame Poultry.
        • §. I. The Dunghill Cock and Hen. Gallus gallinaceus & Gallina domestica.
        • §. II. A Peacock, Pavo, .
        • §. III. The Turkey. Gallopavo, sive Meleagris & Numidica avis.
        • §. IV. The Brasilian Mitu or Mutu of Marggrave.
          • The Pauxi of Nieremberg, the Indian Hen of Aldrovandus, lib. 4. cap. 12. a variety of the Mitu.
        • §. V. The other Indian Cock of Aldrovandus, Mituporanga of Marggravius, Tepetototl of Nierembergius.
        • §. VI. The Guiny Hen.
        • §. VII. Macucagua of the Brasilians, a bird of the Hen-kind. Marggrave.
      • CHAP. XI. Wild Birds of the Poultry-kind, and first of all, the Granivorous.
        • §. I. The Pheasant. Phasianus.
        • §. II. The Brasilian Jacupema of Marggrave.
        • §. III. The common Partridge. Perdix cinerea.
        • §. IV. The Brasilian Partridge called Jambu by Piso.
        • §. V. The Damascus Partridge of Aldrov.
        • §. VI. The Red-leg'd Partridge, Perdix ruffa Aldrov. called in Italy Coturnice & Coturno.
        • §. VII. Bellonius his Greek Partridge, or great red Partridge, the same with the precedent.
        • §. VIII. The Quail, Coturnix.
        • §. IX. The Rail or Daker-hen, Ortygometra Aldrov. lib. 13. cap. 33. Crex Aristotelis.
        • §. X. The Indian Quail of Bontius.
      • CHAP. XII. Wild Birds of the Poultry-kind that feed on Leaves and Berries, &c. having Scarlet Eye-brows.
        • §. I. The Cock of the Mountain or Wood, Urogallus five Tetrao major, Aldrov. called by the Germans Orhun, by the Venetians Gallo di montagna.
        • §. II. The Heathcock or Black game or Grous, called by Turner the Morehen. Tetrao, seu Urogallus minor.
        • §. III. * The Attagen of Aldrovandus, called by the Italians Francolino.
        • §. IV. The Hazel-hen, Gallina corylorum, Attagen, Gesh.
        • §. V. The white Game, erroneously called the white Partridge, Lagopus avis, Aldrov.
        • §. VI. * The other or particoloured Lagopus of Gesner.
        • §. VII. The Red Game, called in some places the Gorcock and More-cock, Lagopus altera Plinii.
        • §. VIII. * Bellonius his Damascus Partridge, which Aldrovand supposes to be the other Lagopus of Pliny.
      • CHAP. XIII. Birds of the Poultry-kind that want the back-toe.
        • §. 1. The Bustard, Otis seu Tarda avis.
        • §. II. The French Canne-petiere, Anas campestris or Tetrax of Bellonius.
      • CHAP. XIV. Of Doves or Pigeons in general.
      • CHAP. XV. Of the several kinds of Pigeons.
        • §. I. The common wild Dove or Pigeon. Columba vulgaris.
        • §. II. Divers sorts of tame Pigeons.
        • §. III. * A wild Pigeon of St. Thomas his Island, Marggrav.
        • §. IV. A Turtle-dove. Turtur.
        • §. V. * The Indian Turtle of Aldrov. lib. 15. cap. 9.
        • §. VI. * The Indian Turtle or Cocotzin of Nieremberg, the Picuipinima of Marggrave: Our least Barbados Turtle.
        • §. VII. The Ring-Dove, Palumbus torquatus.
        • §. VIII. The Stock-Dove or Wood-Pigeon, Oenas, sive Vinago.
        • §. IX. * The Rock-Pigeon.
        • §. X. * The Dove called Livia by Gesner.
      • CHAP. XVI. Of Thrushes in general.
      • CHAP. XVII. Thrushes properly so called, having a spotted Breast.
        • §. I. The Missel-bird or Shrite; Turdus viscivorus major.
        • §. II. The Mavis, Throstle, or Song-thrush. Turdus simpliciter dictus seu viscivorus minor.
        • §. III. The Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris.
        • §. IV. The Redwing, Swinepipe, or Wind-thrush, Turdus Iliacus sive Illas aut Tylas.
        • §. V. * The Brasilian Tamatia of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. XVIII. Birds of the Thrush-kind, that are black of colour.
        • §. I. The common Blackbird, Merula vulgaris.
        • §. II. The solitary Sparrow.
        • §. III. * The Blue-bird of Bellonius, Passeri solitario congener, Aldrov.
        • §. IV. The Indian Mockbird, Caeruleus Indicus.
        • §. V. * Aldrovandus his Brasilian Merula, Book 16. Chap. 16.
        • §. VI. * The Rose or Carnation-coloured Ouzel of Aldrov. lib. 16. cap. 15.
        • §. VII. The red-breasted Indian Blackbird, perchance the Jacapu of Marggrave.
        • §. VIII. The Ring-Ouzel, Merula torquata.
        • §. IX. * The Rock Ouzel, or Mountain Ouzel of Gesner, called in High Dutch, Berg-Amzel, Merula Saxatilis seu Montana.
      • CHAP. XIX. Of the Starling, and Birds akin to it.
        • §. I. A Stare or Starling, Sturnus.
        • §. II. * Bontius his Indian Stare.
        • §. III. The greater Redstart of Olina, called by Aldrovand, Merula Saxatilis, at Florence, Tordo Marino, at Vienna, Stein-Reitling.
        • §. IV. * The Brasilian Pitanga guacu, called by the Portugnese, Bemtere, Marggrav.
      • CHAP. XX. Atinga guacu mucu of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. XXI. The Witwall, as it is by some called, Galbula seu Picus nidum suspendens, Aldrov. Oriolus Alberti; Chloreus Aristotelis, & Icterus Plinii, in Aldrovandus his judgment.
      • CHAP. XXII. * Matuitui of Marggravius.
      • CHAP. XXIII. * Guirapunga of Marggrave.
    • BOOK I. PART II. SECT. II. Of small Birds.
      • Of small Birds in general.
        • An Addition concerning singing birds in general.
        • Aldrovands method to make birds sing in Autumn or Winter.
        • Diseases incident to singing birds, and their remedies.
      • THE FIRST MEMBER OR SUBSECTION, Of small Birds with slender Birds.
        • CHAP. I. OF LARKS.
          • §. I. Of Larks in general.
          • §. II. The common Skie-Lark. Alauda vulgaris.
          • §. III. The Woodlark, called at Rome, Tottovilla.
          • §. IV. The Tit-Lark, Alauda pratorum, Aldrov.
          • §. V. The Titlark that sings like a Grashopper, Locustella, D. Johnson.
          • §. VI. The Calandra, which perchance is no other than the Bunting.
          • §. VII. The crested Lark, called by the Germans, Kommanick, seen and described at Vienna in Austria. Alauda cristata, Galerita.
          • §. VIII. The lesser crested Lark.
          • §. IX. The Giarola of Aldrovandus, having a long heel.
          • §. X. The Bird called Spipoletta at Florence, Tordino at Venice: Perchance the Stopparola, or Grisola, or Spipola secunda of Aldrovand.
        • CHAP. II. Of the Swallow in general.
          • An approved Medicine for the Falling sickness.
        • CHAP. III. Of Swallows in particular.
          • §. I. The common or House-Swallow. Hirundo domestica.
          • §. II. The Martin, or Martinet, or Martlet. Hirundo agrestis sive rustica Plinii.
          • §. III. The Sand-Martin, or Shore-bird. Hirundo riparia, Aldrov.
          • §. IV. The black Martin or Swift. Hirundo apus.
          • §. V. * Aldrovandus his Sea-Swallow.
          • §. VI. * The American Swallow, called by the Brasilians, Tapera, by the Portugues, Andorinha. Marggrav.
          • §. VII. * The Chinese Swallow of Bontius, whose Nest is edible.
        • CHAP. IV. Slender-bill'd birds that have their Tails all of one colour.
        • CHAP. V. The Beccafigo or Fig-eater, perchance the fourth, or seventh Ficedula of Aldrovandus, to which are subjoyned the descriptions of other small Birds akin to this out of Aldrovand.
        • CHAP. VI. A small bird without name like to the Stopparola of Aldrovand, perchance the Moucherolle of Bellonius.
          • * The Brasilian Tijeguacu of Marrgrave.
        • CHAP. VII. The Redstart, Ruticilla, .
        • CHAP. VIII. The Robin-red-breast or Ruddock, Rubecula sive Erithacus, Aldrov. , Christ.
        • CHAP. IX. The Nightingale, Luscinia seu Philomela, Graecis.
          • Additions to the History of the Nightingale out of Olina, and others.
        • CHAP. X. The Black-cap: Atricapilla seu Ficedula, Aldrov. called by the Greeks, & , by the Italians, Capo Negro.
          • * The fourth Beccafigo of Aldrovand.
        • CHAP. XI. The gloden-crown'd Wren: Regulus cristatus, Aldrov. lib. 17. cap. 1. The Trochilus of Pliny and Aristotle, who also calls it and . Others call it by a diminutive word . In Tuscany it is called Fior Rancio, that is, the Marigold Flower, from the colour of its Crest.
        • CHAP. XII. A little yellowish Bird without name, called by Aldrovandus Regulus non cristatus, perchance the Asilus of Bellonius, or the Luteola of Turner.
        • CHAP. XIII. The Wren, Passer troglodites of Aldrovand, by Turner and Bellonius called falsly Regulus.
        • CHAP. XIV. The Humming Bird, Guainumbi of Marggrave, and Johnston in his Natural History of Birds: Guaiminibique of Jo. de Laet in his Description of the West Indies, Book 15. Chap. 7. Gonambuch, or Gouambuch of Lerius in the eleventh Chapter of his American History, and of Thevet in his 48. Chapter of the singularities of Antartic France; Tomineio of Josephus à Costa in Book 4. Chap. 37. of his Natural and Moral History of the West Indies, so called perchance because it is so light, that it weighs only one Spanish Tomino, that is, twelve grains. Ourissia, (that is, a Sun-beam) or Tomineio of Clusius in Book 5. of his Exotics, Chap. 7. Passer Mosquitus of Oviedo in his Summary, Chap. 48. Hoitzitzil of Fr. Hernandez in Book 9. Chap. 11. Rerum medicarum Novae Hispaniae. Gomarae in Historia de Mexicanae urbis expugnatione, Vicicilin.
        • CHAP. XV. Slender-billed Birds, whose Tail is particoloured.
          • §. I. The Fallow-Smich, in Sussex the Wheat-ear, because the time of Wheat-harvest they wax very fat; called by the Italians, Culo Bianco, and by us also in some places, White-tail, from the colour of its Rump. Oenanthe sive Vitiflora of Aldrovandus.
          • §. II. The Whin-chat, under which also we treat of the Anthus or Florus of Aldrovand.
          • §. III. The Stone-smich, or Stone-chatter, or Moor-titling. Oenanthus nostra tertia: Muscicapa tertia, Aldrov. The Rubetra of Bellonius as we judge, which Gesner makes the same with his Todtenvogel, or Flugenstecherlin.
          • §. IV. * The Brasilian Guiraru Nheengeta of Marggrave, which may be called, The American Chat.
          • §. V. A Bird called Coldfinch by the Germans.
        • CHAP. XVI. The White-throat. An Spipola prima Aldrov?
        • CHAP. XVII. The Water-Wagtail; Motacilla, in Greek .
          • §. I. The white Wagtail: Motacilla alba.
          • §. II. The yellow Water-Wagtail: Motacilla flava.
          • §. III. The grey Wagtail. Motacilla cinerea, an flava altera Aldrov?
        • CHAP. XVIII. * The Brasilian Jamacaii of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. XIX. * The Brasilian Guira guacuberaba of Marggrave
        • CHAP. XX. * The Brasilian Guira coereba of Marggrave
        • CHAP. XXI. * The Brasilian Japacani of Marggrave,
        • CHAP. XXII. Of Titmice: De Paris.
          • §. I. Of Titmice in general.
          • §. II. The great Titmouse or Ox-eye: Fringillago seu parus major: of Aristotle.
          • §. III. * The Brasilian Guiraienoia, akin to the Fringillago.
          • §. IV. The Cole-mouse: Parus ater Gesneri, pag. 616.
          • §. V. The Marsh Titmouse or Black-cap: Parus palustris Gesneri.
          • §. VI. The blue Titmouse or Nun: Parus caeruleus.
          • §. VII. The crested Titmouse; Parus cristatus Aldrov.
          • §. VIII. The long-tail'd Titmouse. Parus caudatus.
          • §. IX. The Wood Titmouse of Gesner. Parus Sylvaticus, Aldrov. t. 2. p. 724.
        • CHAP. XXIII.
          • §. I. * The Brasilian Tangara of Marggrave.
          • §. II. The second kind of Tangara.
      • BOOK II. PART II. SECT. II. MEMB. II. Small Birds with thick short strong Bills, commonly called Hard-bill'd Birds.
        • CHAP. I. Of the Gros-beak or Haw-finch, called by Gesner, Coccothraustes.
          • §. 1. The common Gros-beak: Coccothraustes vulgaris.
          • §. II. The Virginian Nightingale: Coccothraustes Indica cristata.
        • CHAP. II. The Green-finch: Chloris, Aldrov. Ornithol. lib. 18. cap. 18.
        • CHAP. III.
          • §. I. The Bulfinch, Alp or Nope. Rubicilla seu Pyrrhula.
          • §. II. * The American Bulfinch or Guiratirica of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. IV. The Shell-apple or Cross-bill, called by the Germans Krutzvogel. Loxia, Gesn. Aldrov. An Tragon Plinii?
        • CHAP. V. Of Sparrows.
          • §. I. The House-Sparrow. Passer domesticus, Aldrov.
          • §. II. * The foolish Bononian Sparrow of Aldrovand.
          • §. III. * A small bird akin to the Sparrow: Aldrov. Book 15. Chap. 17.
          • §. IV. * The spotted, or three-coloured Sparrow of Aldrovand. Book 15. Chap. 13.
          • §. V. * The white-tail'd Sparrow of Aldrovand. Book 15. Chap. 14.
          • §. VI. * The Dalmatic Sparrow of Aldrovand. Lib. 15. Cap. 21.
          • §. VII. * The Ring-Sparrow of Bellonius, and the small Sparrow living about Walnut-trees of the same Author.
          • §. VIII. * The tailed purple and black Indian Sparrow of Aldrov. Book 15. Chap. 28.
          • §. IX. * The Tijepiranga of Brasil or American Sparrow, Marggrave.
          • §. X. * The long-tail'd Indian Sparrow with a scarlet Bill of Aldrovand.
          • §. XI. * Another Indian long-tail'd Sparrow of Aldrovand, Book 15. Chap. 23.
          • §. XII. * A short-tail'd Indian Sparrow of Aldrovand, Book 15. Chap. 24.
          • §. XIII. * The short-tail'd Italian Sparrow of Aldrovand.
          • §. XIV. * The rumpless black and red Indian Sparrow of Aldrovand.
          • §. XV. * The rumpless blue, red, and black Indian Sparrow of Aldrovand.
          • §. XVI. The Mountain Sparrow, frequent in Stiria and Carinthia.
          • §. XVII. * The Wood-Sparrow of Aldrovand, Book 15. Chap. 16.
          • §. XVIII. * The Brasilian Sparrow, called Guiranheemgatu by Marggrave.
        • CHAP. VI.
          • §. I. The Chaffinch: Fringilla, Aristotelis.
          • §. II. The Bramble or Brambling: Fringilla montana seu Montifringilla, , Arist.
          • §. III. The great pied Mountain-Finch or Bramlin: Montifringilla calcaribus Alaudae seu major.
        • CHAP. VII. * The Brasilian Sayacu of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. VIII. * The Brasilian Tijeguacuparoara of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. IX. * The Brasilian Guiraperea of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. X.
          • §. I. The Goldfinch, or Thistle-finch; Carduelis.
          • §. II. * The Brasilian Jacarini of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. XI. Of the Linnet.
          • §. I. Of the Linnet in general.
          • §. II. The common Linnet: Linaria vulgaris.
          • An Addition to the History of the Linnet out of our English Writer of Singing Birds.
        • CHAP. XII. The Siskin: Spinus sive Ligurinus.
        • CHAP. XIII. Of the Canary-bird, out of Gesner, Aldrovandus, and Olina.
          • Additions to the History of the Canary bird out of a late English Writer concerning singing Birds.
        • CHAP. XIII. The Bird called Citril at Vienna; Verzellino at Rome; in Latine, Thraupis & Citrinella.
        • CHAP. XIV. The bird called Hirngryll at Vienna, Serinus Gesner. Aldrov. lib. 18. cap. 20.
          • * The Brasilian Teitei, which they call also Guiranhemgeta and Guraundi, Marggrave.
        • CHAP. XV. The Anadavad Bird, brought from the East Indies, having a Finches Bill and Larks Claws.
        • CHAP. XVI. A Bird called by the Bolognese, Petronia Marina, by Aldrovand, Oenanthae congener.
        • CHAP. XVII. The Hortulane kind, whose characteristic is a hard knob in the upper Chap of the Bill.
          • §. I. The Bunting called by Gesner Emberiza alba. I take it also to be the Calandra of Aldrov. and Bellonius, moreover the Alaudae congener of Aldrovand, and the Cenchramus of Bellonius: The Strillozo of Olina.
          • §. II. The Yellow-hammer, Emberiza flava of Gesner; Hortulanus of Bellonius; Luteae alterum genus of Aldrovand; Chloreus seu Lutea Aristotelis of Turner.
          • §. III. Aldrovandus his first sort of Yellow-hammer, which he calls Cirlus: Zivolo of Olina.
          • §. IV. The Reed-Sparrow. Passer torquatus in arundinetis nidisicans. Perchance the Passer arundinaceus of Turner.
          • §. V. The Hortulane of the Italians. Hortulanus Aldrov. Tordino Berluccio at Venice.
          • §. VI. * A Bird called by Aldrovand, Cirlus stultus.
• THE THIRD BOOK OF THE ORNITHOLOGY OF FRANCIS WILLUGHBY Esq
  • THE FIRST PART. Of Cloven-footed Water-fowl, wading in Waters, or frequenting watery places.
    • THE FIRST SECTION. The greatest Cloven-footed Water-fowl of a singular kind.
      • CHAP. I.
        • § I. The Crane: Grus, Graecis.
        • §. II. The Indian Crane.
        • §. III. The Balearic Crane: Grus Balearica Aldrov. Pavo marinus Clus.
      • CHAP. II. Marggraves Jabiru of the Brasilians, called by the Low Dutch, Negro.
      • CHAP. III. *Jabiru guacu of the Petiguares, Nhandu apoa of the Tupinambi, Scurvogel of the Low Dutch.
      • CHAP. IV. The Brasilian Cariama of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. V. The Brasilian Anhima of Marggrave.
    • BOOK III. PART I. SECTION II. Of Cloven-footed Piscivorous Water-fowl.
      • CHAP. I. Of Herons.
        • §. I. The common Heron or Heronshaw: Ardea cinerea major sive Pella.
        • §. II. Aldrovandus his third sort of ash-coloured Heron.
        • §. III. The lesser ash-coloured Heron, called by the Germans, The Night-raven.
        • §. IV. The great white Heron. Ardea alba major.
        • §. V. The lesser white Heron: Ardea alba minor.
        • §. VI. * The third small white Heron of Aldrovand.
        • §. VII. * The red-leg'd Heron, or Cirris of Virgil according to Scaliger. Aldrov. tom. 3. p. 398.
        • §. VIII. * The Heron which they call Sguacco in the Valleys of Malalbergo. Aldrov.
        • §. IX. The Heron called Squaiotta at Malalbergo. Aldrovand.
        • §. X. * Another small Heron with a bow-bill, Aldrovand.
        • §. XI. * The Bird of kin to the Heron described by Aldrovand, t. 3. p. 412.
        • §. XII. The Bittour or Bittern or Mire-drum: Ardea stellaris, Taurus of Pliny, called by later Writers Butorius and Botaurus, and by Aristotle also Ocnus.
        • §. XIII. * Aldrovandus his third sort of speckled Heron.
        • §. XIV. The greater speckled or red Heron of Aldrovand.
        • §. XV. * The Brasilian Soco of Marggrave.
        • §. XVI. * The Brasilian Heron called Cocoi of Marggrave.
        • §. XVII. * The Brasilian Heron, with a serrate Bill, of Marggrave.
        • §. XVIII. * Guiratinga of the Brasilians, called by the Portugues Garza, that is, a Heron. Marggrave.
        • §. XIX. * A small Brasilian Heron of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. II. Of the Stork. De Ciconia.
        • §. 1. The common or white Stork: Ciconia alba.
        • §. II. The black Stork. Ciconia nigra.
        • §. III. * The American Stork, called by the Brasilians Maguari of Marggrave.
      • CHAP. III. * The Ibis of Bellonius.
      • CHAP. IV.
        • §. I. The Spoon-bill. Platea sive Pelecanus of Gesner. Leucorodius sive Albardeola of Aldrovand. Lepelaer of the Low Dutch.
        • §. II. * Tlauhquechul, or the Mexican Spoon-bill of Hernandez.
        • §. III. * The Brasilian Spoon-bill, called Aiaia, and by the Portughese, Colherado, Marggrav. the same I suspect with the precedent.
    • BOOK III. PART I. SECTION III. Water-fowl not Piscivorous with very long slender streight Bills.
      • CHAP. I.
        • §. I. The Woodcock: Scolopax Aldrov. tom. 3. pag. 472.
        • §. II. The Snipe or Snite: Gallinago minor.
        • §. III. The Gid or Jack-Snipe or Judcock: Gallinago minima seu tertia Bellonii.
        • §. IV. * The Brasilian Guarauna of Marggrave. Rusticula aquatica Brasiliensis.
      • CHAP. II.
        • §. I. The Godwit, called in some places the Yarwhelp, or Yarwip, in others, the Stone-Plover: The Barge or Aegocephalus of Bellonius, as I take it. An Fedoa Gesneri? An Rusticula Aldrov?
          • Barge of Bellonius, which he saith they in French call, Petit Corlieu.
        • §. II. The second sort of Godwit, which seems to be the same with the Totanus of Aldrovand, called at Venice, Vetola.
        • §. III. The third sort of Godwit.
    • BOOK III. PART I. SECTION IV. Water-fowl not piscivorous with very long, slender, crooked Bills.
      • CHAP. I.
        • § I. The Curlew: Numenius sive Arquata.
        • §. II. The Whimbrel: Arquata minor, at Venice Taraniolo.
          • The other Phaeopus or lesser Curlew of Gesner; the same with our Whimbrel.
      • CHAP. II. * The Falcinellus of Gesner and Aldrovand, which we may English, The Sithe-Bill.
      • CHAP. III. *Curicaca of the Brasilians, called by the Portughese Masarino.
      • CHAP. IV. * The Acacalotl or Water-Raven [Corvus aquaticus] of Hernandez.
      • CHAP. V. * The Brasilian Guara of Marggrave: The Indian Curlew of Clusius, Exot.
    • SECTION V. Water-fowl not piscivorous, with slender Bills, of a middle length.
      • CHAP. I. * The Himantopus of Pliny, Aldrov. lib. 20. cap. 30.
      • CHAP. II. * The Crex of Bellonius.
      • CHAP. III. The Sea-Pie: Haematopus Bellonii.
      • CHAP. IV.
        • §. I. The greater Plover of Aldrovand: The Venetian Limosa of Gesner: As also the Glottis of the same Gesner and Baltner: Called at Venice Totano, a name it should seem common to this and the following bird.
        • §. II. The other Totano, perchance Gesners Totanus, Aldrov. lib. 20. cap. 24. An Callidrys rubra Bellonii?
      • CHAP. V.
        • §. I. The Redshank or Pool-Snipe: Gallinula Erythropus major Gesneri Aldrov. Totanus of the same Gesner, as it seems to us, Aldrov. tom. 3. pag. 439. An Bellonii Pardali congener longiore rostro?
        • §. II. The Gambetta of Aldrovand.
      • CHAP. VI. Of the Birds called Tringae.
        • §. I. The Tringa of Aldrovand: The Cinclus of Bellonius: The Gallinula rhodopus or phoenicopus, and also the Ochropus media of Gesner. The Steingallel of Leonard Baltner.
        • §. II. * The third Tringa of Aldrovand, called by the Italians, Giaroncello & Pinirolo.
        • §. III. The lesser Tringa or Sandpiper: An Cinclus secundus seu minor Aldrov? Gallinula hypoleucos Gesneri, Aldrov. tom. 3. pag. 469. Ein Psisterlein Leon. Baltner.
      • CHAP. VII. The Knot: Canuti regis avis. An Bellonii Callidrys nigra?
      • CHAP. VIII. The Ruff, whose Female is called a Reeve. Avis pugnax Aldrov.
      • CHAP. IX. The Sanderling, called also Curwillet about Pensance in Cornwal.
      • CHAP. X. * The Rotknussel of Baltner, Rotkmillis or Gallinula Melampus of Gesner, Aldrov.
      • CHAP. XI. * Matkneltzel of Baltner: Gallinula Erythra of Gesner.
      • CHAP. XII. The North-Country Dunlin of Mr. Johnson.
      • CHAP. XIII.
        • §. I. The Stint, which the French call the Sea-Lark: Schoeniclos seu Junco Bellonii: An Cinclus prior Aldrov?
        • §. II. * The third Cinclus of Aldrovand.
      • CHAP. XIV. The Stone-Curlew: The Oedicnemus of Bellonius: Charadrius of Gesner, Aldrov. called at Rome, Curlotte.
    • SECTION VI. Cloven-footed Water-fowl with short Bills, that feed upon Insects.
      • CHAP. I. The Lapwing or Bastard Plover: Capella sive Vannellus.
      • CHAP. II. Of the Plover: De Pluviali seu Pardale.
        • §. I. The green Plover. Pluvialis viridis.
        • §. II. The grey Plover: Pluvialis cinerea, called at Venice, Squatarola.
      • CHAP. III. The Dottrel: Morinellus Anglorum.
      • CHAP. IV. The Sea-Lark: Charadrius sive Hiaticula.
      • CHAP. V. The Turn-stone, or Sea-Dottrel: Morinellus marinus of Sir Thomas Brown. An Cinclus Turneri?
      • CHAP. VI. * The first Junco of Aldrovand.
  • BOOK III. PART. II. Birds of a middle nature between Swimmers and Waders, or that do both Swim and Wade.
    • SECTION I. Cloven-footed Birds that swim in the Water.
      • I. Such whose Toes have no lateral membranes, called WATER-HENS.
        • CHAP. I. Of Water-hens or More-hens in general.
        • CHAP. II. Of Water-hens in particular.
          • §. I. The common Water-hen or More-hen: Gallinula chloropus major Aldrovandi.
          • §. II. The other green-footed Water-hen of Aldrovand, perchance our Water-Rail.
          • §. III. Another green-footed Water-hen of Bellonius like to a Coot, perchance our Grinetta.
          • §. IV. The Water-Rail, called by some the Bilcock or Brook-Ouzel: Rallus aquaticus Aldrov. i. e. Ortygometra Bellonii: Also the Gallinula chloropus altera, Aldrov. And perchance the Gallinula Serica of the some: So of one species he makes three.
          • §. V. * The Velvet Runner: Gallinula Serica Gesneri. Aldrov. Perchance the same with the precedent.
          • §. VI. A small Water-hen, called Grinetta in Italy; and at Milan Gillerdine: Poliopus Gallinula minor, Aldrov.
          • §. VII. * The Water-hen called by Gesner Ochropus: Schmirring, Aldrov. lib. 20. cap. 42.
          • §. VIII. * The Wyn-kernel or Gallinula ochra of Gesner, Aldrov. lib. 20. cap. 48.
          • §. IX. * The Land-hen: Gallinula terrestris of Aldrovand. Perchance the Land-Rail.
          • §. X. The Brasilian Water-hen, called Jacana.
          • §. XI. The Brasilian Water-hen, called Aguapecaca.
          • §. XII. The third Brasilian Water-hen of Marggrave.
          • §. XIII. The fourth Brasilian Water-hen of Marggrave.
          • §. XIV. A Water-hen, called by the Brasilians, Tamatia.
        • CHAP. III.
          • §. I. * Of the Porphyrio, or purple Water-hen.
          • §. II. * The Quachilto or American Porphyrio of Nieremberg.
        • CHAP. IV. Aldrovands Italian Rail.
      • MEMB. II. Cloven-footed, fin-toed Birds, of kin to the Waterhens.
        • §. I. The Coot: Fulica.
        • §. II. Bellonius his greater Coot, called by the French Macroule, or Diable de mer.
    • SECTION II. Whole-footed long-leg'd Birds.
      • CHAP. I. The Flammant or Phoenicopter: Phoenicopterus.
      • CHAP. II. * The Trochilus, commonly called, Corrira, Aldrov.
      • CHAP. III. The Avosetta of the Italians: Recurvirostra.
  • BOOK III. PART III. Of WHOLE-FOOTED BIRDS with shorter Legs.
    • SECTION I. Whole-footed Birds that want the Back-toe.
      • CHAP. I. The Bird called Penguin by our Seamen, which seems to be Hoiers Goifugel.
        • The Penguin of the Hollanders, or Magellanic Goose of Clusius.
      • CHAP. II. The Bird called the Razor-bill in the West of England, the Auk in the North, the Murre in Cornwal: Alka Hoieri in Epist. ad Clusium. Worm. mus.
      • CHAP. III. * The Mergus of Bellonius, Aldrov. Perchance the same with the precedent.
      • CHAP. IV. The Bird called by the Welsh and Manks-men, a Guillem; by those of Northumberland and Durham, a Guillemot, or Sea-hen; in Yorkshire about Scarburgh, a Skout; by the Cornish, a Kiddaw: Lomwia Hoieri in Epist. ad Clusium.
      • CHAP. V. The Bird called Coulterneb at the Farn Islands, Puffin in North-Wales, in South-Wales Gulden-head, Bottle-nose, and Helegug, at Scarburgh Mullet, in Cornwal Pope, at Jersey and Guernsey Barbalot: Anas Arctica Clus. Pica marina vel Fratercula Gesneri Aldrov.
      • CHAP. VI. The Greenland-Dove or Sea-Turtle: Columba Groenlandica dicta.
    • SECTION II. Whole-footed Birds with four fore-toes, or four toes all web'd together.
      • CHAP. 1. The Pelecan: Onocrotalus sive Pelecanus, Aldrov.
      • CHAP. II. The Soland Goose: Anser Bassanus.
      • CHAP. III. The Cormorant: Corvusaquaticus.
      • CHAP. IV. The Shag, called in the North of England, the Crane: Corvus aquaticus minor sive Graculus palmipes.
      • CHAP. V. * The Sula of Hoier Clus. near of kin to, if not the same with the Soland-goose.
      • CHAP. VI. The Tropic Bird.
      • CHAP. VII. * The Anhinga of the Tupinambae a people of Brasil. Marggrav.
    • SECTION III. Whole-footed Birds, having the back-toe loose, with a narrow Bill, hooked at the end, and not toothed.
      • CHAP. I. * Of the Artenna of the Tremiti Islands: De Ave Diomedea.
      • CHAP. II. The Puffin of the Isle of Man, which I take to be the Puffinus Anglorum.
      • CHAP. III. * The Brasilian Maiaguè of Piso.
      • CHAP. IV. The Shear-water.
    • SECTION IV. Of whole-footed Birds with the back-toe loose, having a narrow Bill, hooked at the end, and toothed, called DIVERS, in Latine, MERGI.
      • CHAP. I. The Goosander. Merganser, Aldrov. Harle, Bellonii.
        • The Dun-Diver or Sparlin-fowl: Merganser foemina. Mergus cirratus longiroster, Gesn. & Aldrov.
      • CHAP. II. The Bird called at Venice, Serula: Mergus cirratus fuscus: Anas (ut puto) longirostra Gesneri, Aldrov. t. 3. p. 281.
      • CHAP. III. The Mergus Rheni of Gesner, Aldrov. tom. 3. pag. 275.
      • CHAP. IV. The other Albellus of Aldrovand, tom. 3. p. 279. the Mergus major cirratus of Gesner, Aldrov. tom. 3. p. 276. We may call it with the Germans the White Nun.
    • SECTION V. Of DOUCKERS or Loons, called in Latine, COLYMBI.
      • CHAP. I. Of Douckers in general.
      • CHAP. II. Cloven-footed DOUCKERS that have no Tails.
        • §. I. The greater Loon or Arsfoot: Colymbus major, Aldrov.
        • §. II. The greater crested or copped Doucker of Aldrovand, lib. 19. cap. 52.
        • §. III. Of the Water-Hare, or crested Mexican Doucker of Hernandez.
        • §. IV. The grey or ash-coloured Loon of Dr. Brown.
        • §. V. The greater crested and horned Doucker.
        • §. VI. The Didapper, or Dipper, or Dobchick, or small Doucker, Loon, or Arsfoot: Colymbus five Podicipes minor.
      • CHAP. III. Whole-footed Douckers with Tails.
        • §. I. The greatest speckled Diver or Loon: Colymbus maximus caudatus; Mergus max. Farrensis five Arcticus, Clus.
        • §. II. * Gesners greatest Doucker: Colymbus maximus Gesneri.
        • §. III. * Wormius his Northern Doucker, called, Lumme.
        • §. IV. * The small black and white Diver with a short, sharp-pointed Bill.
    • SECTION VI. Of SEA-GULLS, called in Latine, LARI.
      • CHAP. I. Of Gulls in general.
      • CHAP. II. The greater Gulls with Tails of equal feathers.
        • §. I. The great black and white Gull: Larus ingens marinus Clusii.
        • §. II. The Herring-Gull. Larus cinereus maximus.
        • §. III. The common Sea-Mall: Larus cinereus minor.
        • §. IV. * Baltners great ash-coloured Sea-Mew, perchance our Pewit.
        • §. V. Bellonius his ash-coloured Gull, called in Cornwal, Tarrock.
        • §. VI. The Pewit or Black-cap, called in some places, The Sea-Crow and Mire-Crow: Larus cinereus, Ornithologi Aldrov. Also the Larus cinereus tertius, Aldrov. The Cepphus of Turner and Gesner.
        • §. VII. * The greater white Gull of Bellonius, which we judge not to be specifically different from our Pewit.
      • CHAP. II. Great brown and grey Gulls.
        • §. I. Our Catarracta, I suppose the Cornish Gannet. Skua Hoier, Clus.
        • §. II. * Aldrovandus his Catarracta.
        • §. III. The great grey Gull, which we take to be the Cornish Wagel, called at Venice, Martinazzo, at Amsterdam, the Burgomaster of Groenland: An Larus albo-cinereus torque cinereo of Aldrov?
        • §. IV. The Winter-Mew, called in Cambridge-shire the Coddy-moddy. Larus fuscus five Hybernus.
        • §. V. * The Larus major [Greater Gull] of Aldrovand, called by Leonard Baltner, Ein Winder-Meb, that is, A winter Mew.
        • §. VI. * Baltners great grey Sea-Mew, the same perchance with ours described in the third place.
        • §. VII. * Aldrovands Cepphus.
        • §. VIII. The brown Tern: Larus cinereus minor Aldrov. called by Baltner, Ein Kessler.
        • §. IX. * Marggraves Brasilian Gull, called Guaca-guacu, Gaviota of the Portughese.
      • CHAP. III. The lesser Gulls with forked Tails.
        • §. I. The Sea-Swallow: Hirundo marina, Sterna of Turner, Speurer of Baltner.
        • §. II. The lesser Sea-Swallow: Larus Piscator of Gesner and Aldrov. Ein Fischerlin of Baltner.
        • §. III. The Scare-crow: Larus niger Gesneri; Aldrov. Ein Brandvogel or Megvogel of Baltner.
        • §. IV. Our black cloven-footed Gull.
        • §. V. * Aldrovands cloven-footed Gull, with longer Wings.
        • §. VI. * The other cloven-footed Gull of Aldrovand, with shorter Wings.
        • §. VII. Mr. Johnsons small cloven-footed Gull.
    • SECTION VII. Of Whole-footed Birds with broad Bills.
      • MEMB. I. The Goose-kind.
        • CHAP. I. Of the Swan: De Cygno.
          • §. I. The tame Swan: Cygnus mansuetus.
          • §. II. A wild Swan, called also an Elk, and in some places a Hooper.
        • CHAP. II. Of the Goose.
          • §. I. Of the tame Goose.
          • §. II. The common wild Goose: Anser ferus.
          • §. III. The Bernacle or Clakis: Bernicla seu Bernacla.
          • §. IV. The Brent-Goose: Brenta.
          • §. V. The Swan-Goose: Anser cygnoides Hispanicus seu Guineensis.
          • §. VI. The Gambo-Goose, or Spur-wing'd Goose.
          • §. VII. The Canada Goose.
          • §. VIII. The Rat-Goose, or Road-Goose: Brenthus fortasse.
      • SECTION VII. MEMB. II. Broad-billed Birds of the Duck-kind.
        • CHAP. I. Of the Duck in general.
        • CHAP. II. Of Sea-Ducks.
          • §. I. * Wormius his Eider or soft-feathered Duck.
          • §. II. The Cutbert-Duck: Anas S. Cuthberti seu Farnensis.
          • §. III. Aldrovandus his black Duck.
          • §. IV. The Sheldrake or Burrough-Duck, called by some, Bergander; Tadorna Bellon. Vulpanser quibusdam.
          • §. V. The sharp-tail'd Island Duck of Wormius, called by the Islanders, Havelda.
          • §. VI. The Swallow-tail'd Sheldrake of Mr. Johnson.
          • §. VII. The great red-headed Duck: Seen and described at Rome.
          • §. VIII. The Scaup-Duck: Perchance the Fuligula of Gesner.
          • §. IX. The tusted Duck: Anas Fuligula prima Gesneri, Aldrov. Mergus cirratus minor Gesn. Querquedula cristata five Colymbis Bellonii, Aldrovand. p. 210. as we think. Capo negro at Venice.
          • §. X. The black Diver or Scoter: Anas niger minor.
          • §. XI. The Poker, or Pochard, or great read-headed Wigeon: Anas fera fusca of Gesner, Aldrov. t. 3. p. 221. Penelops veterum & Rothalss of Gesner, Aldrov. p. 218. Cane a la teste rouge of Bellonius.
          • §. XII. The lesser red-headed Duck: Perchance the Anas Filigula altera of Gesner, Aldrov. p. 227. The Glaucium or Morillon of Bellonius: Capo rosso at Venice.
          • §. XIII. The Golden-eye: Anas platyrhynchos mas, Aldrov. p. 225. Clangula Gesneri, Aldrov. p. 224. Quattro occhii Italis: Weisser Dritvogel of the Germans about Strasburgh.
          • §. XIV. The greater reddish-headed Duck, perchance the same with the last described, or the Male thereof: An Anas Schellent dicta Gesnero? Aldrov. p. 223.
          • §. XV. The Shoveler. Anas platyrhynchos altera sive clypeata Germanis dicta: Taschenmul Aldrov. Anas latirostra major, Gesner. Aldrov. p. 227. Breitschnabel Germanis.
          • §. XVI. The broad-bill'd, red-footed Duck of Aldrovand, which I take to be the Hen-Shoveler.
          • §. XVII. * A broad-bill'd Duck with yellow Feet, of Aldrovand.
        • CHAP. III. Pond-Ducks, frequenting chiefly fresh waters.
          • §. I. The common wild Duck and Mallard: Boscas major; Anas torquata minor Aldrov.
          • §. II. The Gadwall or Gray, perchance the Mitelenten of Gesner: Anas platyrhynchos rostro nigro & plano. Aldrov. p. 233. fortè Anas strepera Gesneri, Aldrov. p. 234.
          • §. III. * Gesners Muggent: Anas muscaria, Aldrov. lib. 19. cap. 41.
          • §. IV. The common Wigeon or Whewer: Penelope Aldrovandi, tom. 3. p. 218. lin. 30. Anas fistularis, Argentoratensibus Ein Schmey.
          • §. V. The Sea-Pheasant or Cracker: Anas caudacuta, Aldrov. tom. 3. pag. 234. Coda lancea at Rome.
          • §. VI. The Teal, Querquedula secunda, Aldrov. p. 209.
          • §. VII. The Garganey: Querquedula prima Aldrov. t. 3. p. 209. Kernel at Strasburgh.
          • §. VIII. * Of the Summer-Teal, called by Gesner Ana circia.
          • §. IX. * A wild Brasilian Duck of the bigness of a Goose. Marggrave.
          • §. X. * A Wild Brasilian Duck, called, Ipocati-Apoa, by the Portughese, Pata, that is, A Goose. Marggrav.
          • §. XI. * The first Brasilian wild Duck, called Mareca, of Marggrave.
          • §. XII. * The second Brasilian wild Duck, called Mareca, of Marggrave.
        • CHAP. IV. Of Tame Ducks.
          • §. I. The common Tame Duck: Anas domestica vulgaris.
          • §. II. The hooked-bill'd Duck.
          • §. III. The Muscovy Duck: Anas moscata, an Cairina, Aldrov?
          • §. IV. The Cairo-Duck of Aldrovand.
          • §. V. * The Guiny Duck: Anas Libyca, Aldrov. and Bellon. which we take to be the same with the Muscovy and Cairo Duck.
          • §. VI. * Gesners Indian Duck, which perchance may be also the same with our Muscovy.
          • §. VII. The Brasilian Ipeca-guacu of Piso.
• AN APPENDIX TO THE History of Birds. Containing Such Birds as we suspect for fabulous, or such as are too briefly and unaccurately described to give us a full and sufficient knowledge of them, taken out of Franc. Hernandez especially.
  • Of the foolish Sparrow.
  • Of the Bird called Daie laying great Eggs.
  • Of the Guitguit that sets upon Ravens.
  • Of the Bird called Maia.
  • Of the Yayauhquitotl or long-tail'd Bird.
  • Of another sort of Xochitenacatl, that is the Toucan or Brasilian Pie.
  • Of the Bird called Momot.
  • Of the Verminous Bird or Tuputa.
  • Of the Mozambick Hens.
  • Of the laughing Bird or Quapachtototl.
  • Of the Water-Quail or Acolin.
  • Of the Cornet Ducks.
  • Of Birds that cannot stand.
  • Of the broad-bill'd Bird or Tempatlahoac.
  • Of the crested Eagle.
  • Of the Bird having three tunes, or notes.
  • Of the Water-Sparrow.
  • Of the hoarse Bird.
  • Of the Hoactzin.
  • Of the dry Bird or Hoactli.
  • Of the Wind-bird, Heatototl.
  • Of Achalalactli and Amalozque, birds with rings about their necks.
  • The healing Wood-pecker, or Tleuquecholtototl.
  • Of the Wood-pecker that breeds in the time when the rains fall.
  • Of the Queen of the Aurae.
  • Of the Garagay.
  • Of the Hoacton.
  • Of the Scarlet-feathered Indian Bird.
  • Of fair-feathered Birds.
  • Of the Thrushes of Chiappa and Artisicer-Sparrows.
  • Of the long bird or Hoitlallotl.
  • Of Indian Quails.
  • Of the Snow-bird or Ceoan.
  • Of the Cenotzqui or Snow-calling bird.
  • Of the Bird called Pauxi.
  • Of Picicitli.
  • Of the Polyglott Bird.
  • Of the singing Night-bird.
  • Of the Xomotl.
  • Of the Rabihorcado.
  • An account of some Birds of the Ferroe or Ferroyer Islands, out of Hoiers Epistle to Clus.
  • Gesners Wood-Crow. Aldrov. lib. 19. cap. 57.
• A SUMMARY OF FALCONRY, Collected out of several Authors.
  • part - 1
    • CHAP. I. Terms of Art used in Falconry explained.
    • CHAP. II. Some general Rules and Observations for a Falconer or Ostrager to remark and practise, collected out of Carcanus and other Authors.
    • CHAP. III. Of the reclaiming and managing long-winged Hawks, and first of the Falcon.
      • §. I. Of the reclaiming and making a Falcon, out of Turbervile, according to Tardiff, as I suppose.
      • §. II. How to lure a Hawk lately manned.
      • §. III. Of bathing a Falcon lately reclaimed, and how to make her flying, and to hate the Check.
      • §. IV. How to enseam and make a Falcon, with her castings and scowrings, &c.
    • CHAP. IV. How to man, hood, and reclaim a Falcon according to an Italian Falconer, quoted by Turbervile.
    • CHAP. V. How to man and make a Falcon according to Carcanus the Vicentine, abbreviated.
      • §. I. Of the Eyass or Nyass Falcon.
      • §. II. Of the Ramage-Falcon.
      • §. III. How to hood a Hawk.
      • §. IV. How to make a Hawk know your Voice, and her own Feeding.
      • §. V. How to make your Hawk bold and venturous.
      • §. VI. How to make a Hawk know the Lure.
      • §. VII. How to make a Hawk flying.
      • §. VIII. A flight for a Haggard.
      • §. IX. How to make a Soar-Falcon or Haggard kill her Game at the very first.
      • §. X. Remedy for a Hawks taking Stand in a Tree.
      • §. XI. How to help a Hawk forward and coy through pride of grease.
      • §. XII. What must be done when a Hawk will not hold in the Head.
      • §. XIII. How to keep a Hawk high-flying.
      • §. XIV. To make a Falcon to the Heron.
      • §. XV. Of mewing of Hawks.
    • CHAP. VI. Of the Haggard Falcon.
      • §. I. Something of the name and nature of the Haggard Falcon.
      • §. II. How to reclaim a Haggard Falcon.
      • §. III. How to remedy carrying in a Hawk.
      • §. IV. Of giving stones and casting.
      • §. V. Of bathing your Hawk.
      • §. VI. How to weather your Hawk.
      • §. VII. When it is convenient to set down, and leave flying of your Haggard.
      • §. VIII. How to diet and prepare your Hawk for the Mew.
      • §. IX. How to order your Hawk while she remains in the Mew.
      • §. X. How to take your Hawk from the Mew, inseam her and make her ready to fly.
      • §. XI. How to alter some ill qualities and conditions in a Falcon.
    • CHAP. VII. Of the Ger-falcon.
    • CHAP. VIII. Of the Lanner.
      • Of the Merlin.
    • CHAP. IX. Of the reclaiming and manning of short-winged Hawks, and first of the Goshawk.
      • §. I. Of the Goshawk, in general.
      • §. II. How to order a Goshawk taken from the Mew.
      • §. III. How to reclaim and order a Goshawk taken from the Cage.
      • §. IV. How to make a Goshawk like the Hood, that hath with ill usage been beaten out of love with it.
      • §. V. To reclaim a Goshawk from the Cage.
      • §. VI. To enter a Goshawk to fly to the field.
      • §. VII. How to enter your Goshawk to the Covert.
      • §. VIII. Of the Haggard-Goshawk.
      • §. IX. Certain Observations for an Ostreger in keeping a Goshawk.
    • CHAP. X. Of the Sparrow-hawk.
      • section - 1
      • §. II. Of the Brancher, Soar, Mewed, and Haggard Sparrow-hawk.
      • §. III. How to mew Sparrow-Hawks.
  • PART II. Of Diseases and dangerous Accidents incident to Hawks, and their several Cures.
    • CHAP. I. Of Castings and Mewtings, either good or bad, according to their several Complexions and smells.
    • CHAP. II. Of the Cataract.
    • CHAP. III. Of the Pantas or Asthma.
    • CHAP. IV. Of Worms.
    • CHAP. V. Of the Filanders.
    • CHAP. VI. Of Hawks Lice.
    • CHAP. VII. How to keep and maintain all manner of Hawks in health, good plight, and liking.
    • CHAP. VIII. Of the Formica.
    • CHAP. IX. Of the Frownce.
    • CHAP. X. Of the Pip.
    • CHAP. XI. How to remedy that Hawk which endeweth not, nor putteth over as she should do.
    • CHAP. XII. How to make a Hawk feed eagerly that hath lost her Appetite, without bringing her low.
    • CHAP. XIII. How to raise a Hawk that is low and poor.
    • CHAP. XIV. How to remedy a Hawk that is slothful, and is averse to flying.
    • CHAP. XV. Of Swoln Feet in a Hawk.
    • CHAP. XVI. How to scour Hawks before you cast them into the Mew.
• An account of some Sea-fowl out of the Description of the Foeroe Islands.
• THE INDEX.
• illustrations
  • key