A compendious history of the Goths, Svvedes, & Vandals, and other northern nations written by Olaus Magnus.

Title

A compendious history of the Goths, Svvedes, & Vandals, and other northern nations written by Olaus Magnus.

Author

Olaus, Magnus, Archbishop of Uppsala, 1490-1557.

Publication

London :: Printed by J. Streater, and sold by Humphrey Mosely, George Sawbridge, Henry Twiford, Tho. Dring, John Place and Henry Haringman,

1658.

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"A compendious history of the Goths, Svvedes, & Vandals, and other northern nations written by Olaus Magnus." In the digital collection Early English Books Online 2. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/B26436.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 4, 2024. content_copy

Contents

• title page
• TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE, SIR Bulstrode Whitlock, Knight, &c. Late Lord Ambassador to the Crown of SWEDEN.
• The Contents.
  • BOOK I.
  • BOOK II.
  • BOOK III.
  • BOOK IV.
  • BOOK V.
  • BOOK VI.
  • BOOK VII.
  • BOOK VIII.
  • BOOK IX.
  • BOOK X.
  • BOOK XI.
  • BOOK XII.
  • BOOK XIII.
  • BOOK XIV.
  • BOOK XV.
  • BOOK XVI.
  • BOOK XVII.
  • BOOK XVIII.
  • BOOK XIX.
  • BOOK XX.
  • BOOK XXI.
  • BOOK XXII.
• OLAUS MAGNUS THE GOTH, Arch-Bishop of VPSAL: CONCERNING The Rites of Nations, and Nature of Things, and Custome of making War; used by the Northern People.
  • CHAP. I. A Description of Biarmia.
  • CHAP. II. The Description of Finmarck.
  • CHAP. III. The Description of Scricfinnia.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Vehemency of the Southern Wind.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Violence of North-Winds.
  • CHAP. VI. The divers Effects of Thunder and Light∣ning in the Northern Parts.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the fierceness of Cold.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Frosts, and the falling of Snow.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the variety of Snow and Glasses.
  • CHAP. X. Of the Forts of Snow made by Young People.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the running of Horses upon Ice for Cloaks.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Running of men upon the Ice for a Wager.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of the Inns upon the Ice for Travellers.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the Passage upon the Ice between the Gulphs,
  • CHAP. XV. Of Instruments for the Ice.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Warlike Obelisks of the Goths, and Stone-Monuments raised.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of Obelisks for Sepulchres.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of Stones with Figures, &c.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of Dials with Shadows.
  • CHAP. XX. Of Sticks to design the Times by.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the Goths Alphabet.
• OLAUS MAGNUS THE GOTH, Arch-Bishop of VPSAL: CONCERNING The Wonderful Nature of Northern Things.
  • CHAP. I. Of Veins of Brimstone, and Combustion of the Waters.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Admirable Nature of some Mountains.
  • CHAP. III. A Description of Iceland, and of the Nation there.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Horrible sound of the hollow Caves by the shores of the Sea.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Rock of the Sea-Monk.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the Crowned Rock, and the multitude of Fish.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Flowing and Ebbing of the Sea.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Charybdis, and the Wonderful Nature of Ice.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Leather-ships made of Hides, used by the Pyrats of Greenland.
  • CHAP. X. Of the inscrutable Depths of the Coasts of Norway.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Ports of Iron Rings.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Dangerous Passage of the Moun∣tains, Scars and Sula, between Sweden, and Norway.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of the Statues on the Wayes, in the Snowey Mountains.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of Passage in the Dark.
  • CHAP. XV. Of Lights, and Pitch-Torches.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Breaking forth of Standing-wa∣ters.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the three famous Lakes of the Goths.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of dangerous Caves.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of the Excellent antiquity of the Kingly Fort Aaranes of the Vestrogoths.
  • CHAP. XX. Of the wonderful Garden of the Mountain Kindaberg, neer the said Castle.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the Beauty and Plenty of the Island Elandia of the Goths.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the famous Island of the Goths called Gothland.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of the Bucklers of Princes, engraven upon the Mountaines of Hanga.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of the Mountains with Helmets.
  • CHAP. XXV. Of the Straits in the Stoney-Ports.
  • CHAP. XXVI. Of Stoney-Rocks, and the dangerous Passage through Idebenckia.
  • CHAP. XXVII. Of swift Torrents.
  • CHAP. XXVIII. Of the divers Forms of Stones upon the Coasts.
  • CHAP. XXIX. Of the Stones of Giants, and Springs of Waters.
• OLAUS MAGNUS THE GOTH, Arch-Bishop of VPSAL: CONCERNING The Superstitious Worship of Devils, used by the People of the North.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Superstitious Worship of the Pagans of Lituania.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Superstitious worship of men under the Pole.
  • CHAP. III. Of the three greater Gods of the Goths.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the three lesser Gods.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Magnificent Temple of the Nor∣thern Gods.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the Religion, and Sacrifices of the Goths.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Goths Superstitions about Thunder.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of their fighting against the Gods.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Fatal Sisters and Nimphs.
  • CHAP. X. Of the Night-Dances of the Fairies, and Ghosts.
  • CHAP XI. Of the War against the Fauni.
  • CHAP. XII. Of Divination.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of the Magical Art of Ericus with his Windy Cap, and of others.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of Women-Witches.
  • CHAP. XV. Of the Conjurers and Witches in Finland.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Magical Instruments of Bothnia.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the Sea Magicians.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of the same Magicians, and the like.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of a Magician bound.
  • CHAP. XX. Of the punishment for Witches.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the hurts done by the Devils.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: CONCERNING The Wars and Manners of the Wild Pa∣gans, and their Neighbours.
  • CHAP. I. Of the unhappy Battail of Regnerus, King of Denmark.
  • CHAP. II. Of the cruelty of the Wild Inhabitants.
  • CHAP. III. Again concerning the cruelty of these Wild Men, &c.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Five-fold Speech of the Northern Kingdoms.
  • CHAP. V. Of Bartring of Commodities without Moneys.
  • CHAP. VI. Of Fairs upon the Ice.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Marriages of the Laplanders by Fire and Flint.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Mourning-Dances.
  • CHAP. IX. Of their Exercises by Moon-Lights.
  • CHAP. X. Of their Ships, Bands, and Roots, bound together.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Art of shooting with the Bow.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Hunting of the Laplanders.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of Horses passing over Snowy Mountains.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the dangerous passage between the Mountains.
  • CHAP. XV. Of the Law of killing Crows.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Baptizing of Children of the Wild Inhabitants.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the Conversion of North and East Finland, and their great Hospitality.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: CONCERNING The Northern Giants.
  • CHAP. I. Of Giants.
  • CHAP. II. Of the difference of Giants and Champions.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Sobriety of Giants and Champions.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Virtues of the most valiant Starchaterus.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Patronage he afforded to the afflicted.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the Exercises of the said Starchaterus.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the sum of the Acts of Starchaterus.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the most great and terrible War between the Swedes and Goths, where Starchaterus was General against the Danes.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Death of Starchaterus.
  • CHAP. X. Of Haldanus, and other Champions whom he conquered.
  • CHAP. XI. Of another certain Haldanus, and his Actions.
  • CHAP. XII. Of Olo Vegetus.
  • CHAP. XIII. Again of the same man, fighting Valiantly for Chastity.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the Acts of the Champions Arngrimus and Arvarodus.
  • CHAP. XV. Again, of the same Arngrimus and the Charms of the Fins.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the slaying of a Bear, and the drinking of his blood.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of Regnerus, called Hair-coat.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of Also the Defender of Chastity.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of the Stratagems of Fridlevus.
  • CHAP. XX. Of the same man's Stratagems by Birds.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the fight of King Harald, against a tame Dragon.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the fight of Frotho and Fridlevus against a Serpent.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of the same Fridlevus.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of the Piracy of famous Virgins.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: CONCERNING Minerals and Metals.
  • The Preface.
  • CHAP. I. Of Minerals, and the finding of them.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Situation of Mineral Veins.
  • CHAP. III. Of the way to dig the Mines.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the distinction of Mineral Veins.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Wheels, Instruments, and dangers of the Labourers.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the Art and Ingenuity of Smiths.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Distinction of fusible Metals.
  • CHAP. VIII. More of the same Metals.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Divels in the Mines.
  • CHAP. X. Of Lightning in those Mountains of Minerals.
  • CHAP. XI. Of Goldsmiths, or Refiners.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Silver Ornaments of Maids.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Warlike Instruments, Manners, Causes, and Cautions in Fight.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Artificers of Slings and Darts.
  • CHAP. II. Of Arrows, and Warlick Instruments.
  • CHAP. III. Of the sudden calling the Communalty to Arms.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the keeping of the Wayes and Scouts.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Direction of the Multitudes called together.
  • CHAP. VI. Of Battails on the Shores.
  • CHAP. VII. Of Slings for Stones, and red hot Iron.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the Velts of the Centurians.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the manners and time of bringing these Veltae.
  • CHAP. X. Of their Stakes, Darts, and Pits for Snares.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Stratagems of King Hacho by boughs.
  • CHAP. XII. Of punishing Hostile fires.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of removing the same danger.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the custody of Banks in time of Hostility, about a place called Meler, in Upper Swetia.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF The state of Governours and Officers, and Military Exercise.
  • The Preface.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Election of the King.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Adoption of Noble men by Arms.
  • CHAP. III. Of the same form of the Adoption.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Military education of Illustrious and Noble men.
  • CHAP. V. Of the reason and manner of Riding.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the choice of Young Souldiers for Arms.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the same by an outward Ceremony.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the manner of the old Warfare of the Goths.
  • CHAP. IX. Of other Antiquities of Knights.
  • CHAP. X. Of Military Exercises and Disciplines.
  • CHAP. XI. Of their Arms and provisions for Knights and Horsemen.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Tyrannicall severity and exaction of their Governours.
  • CHAP. XIII. Again of the same most wicked Rulers.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the causes of perpetuall discord, that the Swedes or Sweens, and the Goths, have against the Danes.
  • CAAP. XV. Of the same causes.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the same causes, out of the 24. Book of the History of Gothland, of Johannes Magnus, the Author's Brother.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the severity of King Christiernus the second.
  • CHAP. XVIII. More of the cruelty of the same King.
• Olaus Magnus the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Field-Fights.
  • CHAP. I. Of turning-Swords in Wheels.
  • CHAP. II. Of their Chariots with Hooks.
  • CHAP. III. Of Brazen Horses that vomited out Fire.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the Guns of the Northern People.
  • CHAP. V. Of Triangular Guns.
  • CHAP. VI. Of Organ-like Guns.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the burning the Foundations of Castles.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of burning the Foundations of Forts.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the cruelty of flatterers, Traitors, and strangers, often committed most fearfully in the Kingly City Stockholm.
  • CHAP. X. Of the Originall and scituation of this Kingly City.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Situation of the Mountain Bruncaberg, beyond the Kingly City Holm, and of the battels fought in it.
  • CHAP. XII. Of feeding their cattle in the houses of the besieged.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of supplying their want of water.
  • CHAP. XIV. How to supply want of Bread.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Sea-Fights.
  • CHAP. I. Of Fights in Lakes, and of Bridges broken down.
  • CHAP. II. Of the form and use of the old Northern Ships.
  • CHAP. III. Of another form of Northern Ships.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the mutual slaughter of the Merchants, for the Harbours of Iceland.
  • CHAP. V. Of the punishment of the Rebellious Marriners.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the swimming of Horsemen.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the swimming of their Foot Souldiers in Arms especially such as are fat.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Wars upon the Ice.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Bloody Wars in the Northern Countries.
  • CHAP. II. Of Fights upon the Ice.
  • CHAP. III. Of the breaking forth of the Moscovites or Russians.
  • CHAP. IV. Of a fearfull sounding Cave, the Common people call Smellen.
  • CHAP. V. Of the same.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the battail of the Finlanders against the Moscovites.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Moscovites way of Stealing.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the same.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the way of receiving Embassadours amongst the Moscovites.
  • CHAP. X. Of the Italian Embassadour cruelly slain.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Ingenuity of the Merchants of Moscovia.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the divers wayes of the Finlanders making war.
  • CHAP. XIII. More of their Arms and Ammunition.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the Northern Governours, or the King of Sweden.
  • CHAP. XV. Of burning the Forts of violent Governours.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of their Engines for the Ice.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of Fiery Chariots.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of Canons and Bullets to be carried forth, and of the manner of shooting.
  • CHAP. XIX. Again, of the same, and of the manner how to passe over these ruptures in the Ice.
  • CHAP. XX. Of their hindring the Waters to freeze.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of Walls of Ice.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of Watches kept on the Ice, and in the Night.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of the more fortunate Battails in the Morning.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of the besieging of Forts fenced with Ice.
  • CHAP. XXV. Of assaulting the Enemies Ships that are frozen in.
  • CHAP. XXVI. Of the punishment of unfaithfull Servants, that is inflicted on them by cold frozen water.
  • CHAP. XXVII. Of the same Punishments.
  • CHAP. XXVIII. Of a Horse-race for a Cloke, or a prize.
  • CHAP. XXIX. Of the wild Asses or Elks running on the Snowy Ice.
  • CHAP. XXX. Of the Ranged Deer running in the Snow.
  • CHAP. XXXI. Of the drowning of the Enemies in the Snowy Valleys.
  • CHAP. XXXII. Of Snow-balls sticking in the Horses hoofs.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF The Buildings in the North.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Variety and Forms of their Stones.
  • CHAP. II. Of building their Houses, and of the divers forms of them.
  • CHAP. III. Of the same.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the great multitude of huge Trees in the Northern Parts.
  • CHAP. V. More of the Trees in the North.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the diversity of Trees.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the quality of Fruits.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the Firr-Tree Gum, or Rosin, and of the Original of Amber, or Succinum.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Husbandry and Mans Food.
  • CHAP. I. Of the diversity of gathering in of Harvest.
  • CHAP. II. Of their Bake-houses, and baking of Bread.
  • CHAP. III. Of parching their Corn that must last.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the manner of drinking amongst the Northern People.
  • CHAP. V. Of their divers manners to boyl Salt.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the difficulty of carrying Salt into the Northern Kingdoms.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the great quantity of Butter.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the greatnesse and goodnesse of their Cheese.
  • CHAP. IX. Of Weavers.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF The various Conditions of the Northern People.
  • The Preface.
  • CHAP. I. Of the diversity of Habits.
  • CHAP. II. Of the chaste adorning of Virgins, and rigour of Chastity.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Benediction of the Catholick Kings.
  • CHAP. IV. Of Knights, and their Oath.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Marriages of the Commons.
  • CHAP. VII. Of Adulterers, and their punishments.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF The divers Exercises of Men.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Exercise of Children.
  • CHAP. II. Of their custome of driving away the Winter, and receiving of Summer.
  • CHAP. III. Of the same.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the May-Feasts.
  • CHAP. V. Of their Dice-playing, and playing at Tables or Chess.
  • CHAP. VI. Of their dancing in Arms.
  • CHAP. VII. Of their Dancing in Rings.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of their Dancing about the Fire.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Ecclesiasticall Fashions.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Custome of praying in Churches.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Funerals and Burials of Princes.
  • CHAP. III. Of the variety of the sick, and of their Diseases and Medicaments.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Tame and Domestique Creatures.
  • The Preface.
  • CHAP. I. Of Rams and Lams.
  • CHAP. II. Of Oxen and Cows.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Northern Horses.
  • CHAP. IV. Of their War-Horses.
  • CHAP. V. Of their Cats.
  • CHAP. VI. Of He and She-Goats.
  • CHAP. VII. What Gifts are given to the new Married.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Ranged Deer.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Profit of this Creature.
  • CHAP X. Of the Chariots for men, drawn by ranged Deer.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the Winter Chariots for these Rangifers.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the Commodity of the Parts of this Creature.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Wild Creatures.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Elks or wild Asses, and the manner of taking them.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Battel of the Elks or wild Asses, against the Wolves.
  • CHAP. III. Of Harts and Does.
  • CHAP. IV. Of Castors.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Gulos.
  • CHAP. VI. Of honouring strangers with the coverings of these Skins.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the way of hunting of Gulo's.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Hares.
  • CHAP. IX. Of the Lynxes, and their Skins.
  • CHAP. X. Of Wolves, and their fierceness.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the many sorts of Wolves.
  • CHAP. XII. Of Otters, and their diversity and falseness of their Skins.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of Squerrils.
  • CHAP. XIV. More of this Creature to foreshew things to come.
  • CHAP. XV. Of Martin, and Sabels, and their Skins.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Ermins, which (according to Pliny) I take to be Pontick-Mice.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of the hunting of Ermins.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of the Nature of Badgers.
  • CHAP. XIX. More of the same.
  • CHAP. XX. Of the Fishing Bears.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the cunning in killing Bears.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the crafty hunting of Bears.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of the Battail between the Hedge-Hog, and the Bear.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of killing Bears with an Iron Club.
  • CHAP. XXV. Of the ravishing of a Maid, and the begetting of Ulfo, a most cunning and valiant man.
  • CHAP. XXVI. Of the Swineheards that are taken away with their Pipes.
  • CHAP. XXVII. Of the dancing of the Bears in Lithuania.
  • CHAP. XXVIII. Of the Agility of Bears.
  • CHAP. XXIX. Of Bears turning Wheels.
  • CHAP. XXX. Of Foxes and their sleights.
  • CHAP. XXXI. Of the crafty wit of Foxes.
  • CHAP. XXXII. Of the Fiercenesse of men who by Charms are turned into Wolves.
  • CHAP. XXXIII. Examples of those men that were turn'd into Wolves, and contrarily.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Birds.
  • CHAP. I. Of the Hawk; and the divers kinds thereof.
  • CHAP. II. More of the Nature of Hawks.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Nature of Eagles, and their differences.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the property of Eagles, and their sitting.
  • CHAP. V. Of the Duck, and its kinds.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the admirable Generation of the Ducks of Scotland.
  • CHAP. VII. Of Geese.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Sea-Crows, or Cormorants.
  • CHAP. IX. Of that Bird which is an Enemy to these Crows.
  • CHAP. X. Of Faulcons, and their distinction.
  • CHAP. XI. Of Swallows drawn forth of the waters.
  • CHAP. XII. Of Birds shut up under the Snow.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of hunting them out of the Snow.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of Snow-Birds.
  • CHAP. XV. Of the weighty Snows, and Winter-Gnats.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the Eggs of divers Birds in Islands.
  • CHAP. XVII. More of the Eggs of certain Birds.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of Peacocks.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of Birds, whose name is not known in the white Lake.
  • CHAP. XX. Of Birds called Alle, Alle.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the Whonps, or Lapwings.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the Cuckow, and divers sorts of Wood-Peckers.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF FISH.
  • CHAP. I. Of the three-fold Bothnia in the North, and the abundance of Fishing there.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Multitude of Fish at this Mart.
  • CHAP. III. Of fishing for Salmons.
  • CHAP. IV. Of Fishing for Sea-Calves.
  • CHAP. V. Of the way to fish for them, and their Physical use.
  • CHAP. VI. More of the virtue of this Creature.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the perplexity of those that eat the flesh of Sea-Calves in the Lent.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of Jacks, or Pikes.
  • CHAP. IX. Of catching the Pike.
  • CHAP. X. Of fishing by Flames.
  • CHAP. XI. Of Fishing in Summer, and Hawking.
  • CHAP. XII. More of ingenious Fishing.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of their Fishing on the Ice.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of fishing with Horses.
  • CHAP. XV. Of running on the Ice for Fish, and why they fish so often.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of the admirable event of the Icy Lake Vether.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of Fishes of the black River at the new Fort in Finland.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of the strange Harper of this River.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of Fish of divers kinds.
  • CHAP. XX. Of Salt-fish dryed and smoaked.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of Salt Fish.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the Herring.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of the Nature of the Herring.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of Fish-Ponds and the Spawn of Fishes.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Monstrous Fishes.
  • The Preface.
  • CHAP. I. Of the dangerous Fishing in the Norway Ocean.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Danger of the Fisher-men, and the quality of the Fishes.
  • CHAP. III. Of the Fishes of Island.
  • CHAP. IV. Of the wonderful abundance of Island Butter.
  • CHAP. V. Of the horrible Monsters of the Coast of Norway.
  • CHAP. VI. Of the Whirl-Pool, and his cruelty against the Marriners.
  • CHAP. VII. Of the Fight of the Whale against the Orca.
  • CHAP. VIII. Of the many kinds of Whales.
  • CHAP. IX. Of a monstrous Fish found on the North shore of England, Anno 1532.
  • CHAP. X. Of the Sword-fish, Unicorn, and Saw-fish.
  • CHAP. XI. Of the manner of fishing for Whales.
  • CHAP. XII. Of the wonderful affection of the Whales towards their Young.
  • CHAP. XIII. Of Sperma-Ceti, which is called Amber-Greece, and the Medicaments thereof.
  • CHAP. XIV. Of the use of the parts of Whales.
  • CHAP. XV. Of Buildings of Whale-Bones.
  • CHAP. XVI. Of their houses, by raising up whole Ribs.
  • CHAP. XVII. Of Anchors fastned upon the Whales back.
  • CHAP. XVIII. Of the monstrous Hog of the German Ocean.
  • CHAP. XIX. Of the Rosmarus or Norway Morsus.
  • CHAP. XX. Of Winged-Fish.
  • CHAP. XXI. Of the Polypus.
  • CHAP. XXII. Of the cruelty of some Fish and the kindness of others.
  • CHAP. XXIII. Of Sponges.
  • CHAP. XXIV. Of very long Worms.
  • CHAP. XXV. Of the Fish which the Norway people call Swamfisck; and of some other Sea-Monsters.
  • CHAP. XXVI. Of the Cow, Calf, &c.
  • CHAP. XXVII. Of the greatness of the Norway, Serpent and of others.
  • CHAP. XXVIII. Of the diversity, and divers colours of Serpents.
  • CHAP. XXIX. Of the Habitation and Mansion for Serpents.
  • CHAP. XXX. Of the fighting of the Shepheards against Serpents.
  • CHAP. XXXI. Of the Fish called Thrissa, that was lately also found in Prussia.
• Olaus Magnus, the Goth, Arch-Bishop of UPSAL: OF Insects, Living-Creatures.
  • CHAP. I. Of the most troublesome Gnats of the farthest Northern parts.
  • CHAP. II. Of the Remedy to drive away Gnats and Wig-lice.
  • CHAP. III. Of Bees, and their Food.
  • CHAP. IV. Of Honey, and the proof of it.
  • CHAP. V. Of Ants.
  • CHAP. VI. Of Pearls, and the Generation of them.